Glycerol succinic acid polymer

Tartaric acid-glycerol polyesters were reported in 1847 by Berzelius [13] and those of ethylene glycol and succinic acid were reported by Lorenzo in 1863 [14]. Carothers and Van Natta [15] extended much of the earlier work and helped clarify the understanding of the polyesterification reaction in light of the knowledge of polymer chemistry at their time. Polyethylene terephthalate [16, 17] and the polyadipates [18] (for polyurethane resins) were the first major commercial application of polyesters. 

Isostearyl diglyceryl succinate Synonyms Butanedioic acid, esters with isooctadecanol and glycerol dimer Definition Mixed ester of succinic acid with isostearyl alcohol and a glycerin polymer contg. an avg. of 2 units Properties Nonionic... 

There are twelve important platform chemicals listed that are derived from biomass [26]. They include succinic acid, itaconic add, and glycerol. Some other important biobased renewable chemicals such as lactic acid and 1,4-butanediol are produced via fermentation and/or chemo-enzymatic processes from various biomass sources like com, sugarcane, wheat, etc. These platform chemicals have been used as starting materials for the production of polymers. 

The Lewis acidic properties of DMCs not only are limited to catalyzing the (tons) esterification of, for example, fatty acids for the production of lubricants or fuels but also lead to catalytic activity in the formation of polyesters. Sebastian and Srinivas reported the formation of biodegradable, hyperbranched polymers from succinic or adipic acid and glycerol using a Zn-Fe(II)-DMC catalyst [33,34]. Whereas the tetra-coordinated Zn " ions in the DMC are thought to be the active Lewis acidic sites in catalysis, the enhanced control over the gelation in the synthesis of these polymers compared with in that of other solid acids was attributed to micro-mesoporosity and surface hydrophobicity of the Zn-Fe(II)-DMC. 

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