Glycero lipids

S3mthetic functions (1 ). The second site involves interference with the accumulation of chloroplast pigments and the third site involves interference with the formation of chloroplast glycero-lipids (, . The molecular structures used most frequently to... 

Andreotti, A., Bonaduce, I., Colombini, M.P, Gautier, G, Modugno, E, Ribechini, E. (2006) Combined GC/MS analytical procedure for the characterization of glycero-lipid, waxy, resinous, and proteinaceous materials in a unique paint microsample. Analytical Chemistry, 78, 4490-4500. 

In the present study we compared fatty acid compositions of glycero-lipids from rice anthers and leaves, and found that the lipid molecules having high phase transition temperatures are more abundant in the anthers than the leaves. This is consistent with the finding that the anthers are more sensitive to chilling than the leaves. 

It has been shown by FM that the phase state of the lipid exerted a marked influence on S-layer protein crystallization [138]. When the l,2-dimyristoyl-OT-glycero-3-phospho-ethanolamine (DMPE) surface monolayer was in the phase-separated state between hquid-expanded and ordered, liquid-condensed phase, the S-layer protein of B. coagulans E38/vl was preferentially adsorbed at the boundary line between the two coexisting phases. The adsorption was dominated by hydrophobic and van der Waals interactions. The two-dimensional crystallization proceeded predominately underneath the liquid-condensed phase. Crystal growth was much slower under the liquid-expanded monolayer, and the entire interface was overgrown only after prolonged protein incubation. 

The SUM was covered by a polymer film with an orifice of approximately 0.3 mm in diameter on each side, and subsequently a folded BLM was generated from a DPhPC/l,2-dipalmitoyl-in-glycero-3-phosphatidic acid (DPPA) monolayer on the side facing the SUM (Fig. 19). Interestingly, no pretreating of the orifice with any alkane or lipid was required, as is imperative for all other BLM techniques. Thus, an accumulation of such compounds could be excluded, and the physicochemical properties of the membrane and... 

Supported lipid bilayers on planar silicon substrates have been formed using S-layer protein from B. coagulans E38/vl and from B. sphaericus CCM 2177 as support onto which l,2-dimyristoyl-OT-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) (pure or mixtures with 30% cholesterol) or DPPC bilayers were deposited by the Langmuir-Blodgett-technique (Pig. 

Rasmussen JAM, Hermetter A (2008) Chemical synthesis of fluorescent glycero- and sphingolipids. Prog Lipid Res 47 436-460... 

In Figure 1 we showed a snapshot of a typical MD result for a membrane composed of lipids of the type l-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-.v -glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine, which has six unsaturated bonds. From a snapshot, it is not possible to understand the role of unsaturation in any detail. However, the averaged density profiles are more informative. 

Hyvonen, M. T., Rantala, T. T. and Ala-Korpela, M. (1997). Structure and dynamic properties of diunsaturated l-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-,sM-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine lipid bilayer from molecular dynamics simulation, Biophys. J., 73, 2907-2923. 

Harrison KA, Murphy RC. 1996. Direct mass spectrometric analysis of ozonides application to unsaturated glycero-phosphocholine lipids. Anal Chem 68 3224. 

Development of sterically stabilized liposomes (SSL) composed of high Tm lipids, cholesterol, and a lipopolymer, such as poly-(ethylene glycol methyl ether)-l,2-distearoyl-i n-glycero-3-phospho-ethanolamine triethyl ammonium salt (1,3-5,8,9,14,15)... 

Cationic lipids cannot be dissolved in water and form aggregates in aqueous solution, such as bilayers. To prepare a homogeneous reagent, in most cases liposomes were made from cationic lipids in a first step. When it is not possible to form stable lipid bilayers (i.e., liposomes) using a single lipid, then it may be necessary to combine the cationic lipid with one or more so-called helper lipids like cholesterol (Choi) (41) or 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) (42). 

Figure 6 Lipofection results (lipofection profiles) of lipoplexes from the R-configu-rated cationic lipids KL-1-1 to KL-1-17 (Table 1) in a mixture with equimolar amounts of l,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) (counterion chloride) and the pCMVluc-plasmid. Each bar represents the mean ( S.D.) of three wells of a 96-well microtiter plate. T-axis (left) represents the transfection efficiencies expressed in relative light units (RLU) (lu/pg protein). X-axis (right) represents the viability of the cells compared to nontreated control cells. F-axis represents the different cationic lipid/plasmid DNA-charge ratios from 1 to 15.

The lipids l,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), 1,2-dipal-mitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), and l,2-dilauroyl-5 -glycero-3-phosphocholine (DLPC), were obtained from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL) and used without further purification. Three types of samples were investigated ... 

This enzyme [EC 3.1.4.39], also known as alkylglycero-phosphoethanolamine phosphodiesterase, catalyzes the hydrolysis of l-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine to produce 1-alkyl-xn-glycerol 3-phosphate and ethanol-amine. The enzyme will also act on the acyl and choline analogs of the lipid. 

Fig. 8 Capillary EKC separations of (A) acetophenone (1), propiophenone (2), butyrophenone (3), valerophenone (4), and hexanophenone (5) on vesicles composed of sodium dodecylsulfate and ra-dodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide at pH 7.2, (B,C) of 1-dehydroaldosterone (1), cortisone (2), cortisol (3), 21-deoxycortisol (4), 11-deoxycortisol (5), and dexamethasone (6) on liposomes composed of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sra-glycero-3-phosphocholine (80%) and (B) phosphatidylserine or (C) car-diolipin at pH 9, lipid concentrations (B) 2.4 mM and 0.6 mM, (C) 3.6 and 0.9 mM. (Part A is reprinted with permission from Ref. 59, copyright 1998 American Chemical Society Parts B and C are reprinted with permission from Ref. 33, copyright 2000 Wiley-VCH Verlag, all with slight modifications.)...

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