Glucose immunosensor

The material is presented in 17 chapters, covering topics such as trends in ion selective electrodes, advances in electrochemical immunosensors, modem glucose biosensors for diabetes management, biosensors based on nanomaterials (e.g. nanotubes or nanocrystals), biosensors for nitric oxide and superoxide, or biosensors for pesticides. 

Fig. 26.2. Amperometric immunosensors set-up using a biotinylated copolymer poly(pyrrole-biotin, pyrrole-lactitob-ionamide) coated platinum or glassy carbon electrodes and three enzymatic markers (GOX-B, PPO-B, HRP-Ab) for the detection of cholera antitoxin. (A) HRP-immunosensor, (B) GOX-B-immunosensor, (C) PPO-B-immunosensor. Mred/Mox = hydroquinone/quinone Gox = biotinylated glucose oxidase PPO — biotinylated polyphenol oxidase HRP-Ab = peroxidase-labeled IgG anti-rabbit antibody.

The GOX-B-immunosensors are potentiostated at +0.6 V vs. SCE to detect the aerobic oxidation of glucose with the concomitant production of H202. 

Fig. 26.4. Calibration curves for anti-CT at (A) GOX-B immunosensors in the presence of glucose Fappiied = 0.6 V and at (B) PPO-B-immunosensors in the presence of catechol Fappiied = -0.2 V.

Applications. The most common application of electrofunctional polymers is in the development of new materials in the (bio)sensors field [78]. For instance, a pyrrole-modified biotin allows successive attachment of avidin and biotin-labeled glucose oxidase, resulting in an efficient glucose biosensor [77,79]. Oureghi et al. [80] developed an impedimetric immunosensor for... 

Immunoassay standard curves. Immunosensors were prepared as described. Sample, standards, and conjugate were added sequentially to the respective cells to start the competitive assay. After a 10 min incubation, the solution was discarded and a proprietary buffer was added to each cell. A sufficient concentration of glucose was then added to each cell to drive the enzyme reaction to maximum velocity. As in the qualification tests, the hydrogen... 

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