Ghost membranes

Fig. 8 Representative solid-state 19F-NMR spectra of 19F-labelled gramicidin S (substituted at both Leu positions with 4F-Phg), embedded in macroscopically oriented ghost membranes (left column) and DMPC bilayers (right column) at a peptide-to-lipid ratio of about 1 40 [in (F) the lipid was 1 1 DMPC/cholesterol]. Depending on temperature, the peptide can assume different alignment states, which are strikingly similar in the native membranes and the model bilayers...

Hanahan DJ, Ekholm JE (1974) The preparation of red cell ghosts (membranes). Methods Enzymol 31 168-172... 

Zachariasse, K. A., Vaz, W. L. C., Sotomayor C., and Kiihnle, W. Investigation of human erythrocyte ghost membrane with intramolecular excimer probes, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1982, 688, 323-332. 

The effects of cholesterol and cholesterol-derived oxysterols on adipocyte ghost membrane fluidity has been studied. It has been found that cholesterol and oxysterols interact differently with rat adipocyte membranes. Cholesterol interacts more with phosphatidylcholine located at the outer lipid bilayer whereas, for example, cholestanone seems to interact more with phospholipids located at the inner layer... 

In another study, the in vitro modulation of rat adipocyte ghost membrane fluidity by cholesterol oxysterols was investigated [55]. It was found that cholesterol oxy-sterols interact differently with rat adipocyte membranes. Cholestanone interacts predominantly with the phospholipids located at the inner leaflet (e.g. PE), whereas cholesterol interacts preferably with the phospholipids (PC) of the outer layer. 

Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of ghost membrane proteins was performed by a modification of the method of Laemmli (17). Samples were reduced with p-mercaptoethanol and run in 11% gels. Molecular weight (MW) standards were obtained from Pharmacia Canada Ltd. 

A -Ray diffraction studies on sheep erythrocyte ghost membranes, which are prepared by agglutination of the ghosts with phytohaemagglutinin M, have revealed side-to-side packed transmembrane a-helices. ... 

Figure 9.19. Oxygen quenehlng of pyrenrdwiecanftic add in eiytfaro-cyte ghost membranes wtdi various cliokstenil protdn ratios . 0.19i c 0.3S A. 0.6S n, 0.71 a, 0.83.0, Control, no added cboiesteroL Rsvised from Ref. S6.

Figure 2 shows the SDS-polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis of radioactive labelled hemoglobin free normal human erythrocyte ghosts incubated at two different temperatures, 4 C and 37 C. More information about bands observed, can be obtained from [l]. No variation in the characteristic pattern of the radioactive labelled ghost membrane have been detected at the two different incubation temperatures. 

Pape, E H., Klott, K., Kreutz, W. The Determination of the Electron Density Profile of the Human Erythrocs te Ghost Membrane by Small-Angle X-Ray Diffraction. 

Calafut, T. M. Dix, J. A. Chloride-bicarbonate exchange through the human red cell ghost membrane monitored by the fluorescent probe 6-methoxy-A-(3-sulfopropyl)quinolinium. Anal. Biochem. 1995, 230, 1-7. 

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