Genome disruption/knockout

Three types of Parp-1 knockout mice established by disruption of either exon 1, 2, or 4 were examined for their susceptibility to carcinogenesis. As shown in Table 1, an increased frequency of the development of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) in Parp-1 mice, harboring exon 2 disruption of the Parp-1 gene was observed in aged mice as reported by Toi et al. In developed H CC, frequent occurrence of genomic instability, loss of expression of E-cadherin and accumulation of catenin were ol erved. In our experiments, although spontaneous tumor development was not observed at 7 and 9 months of age, the... 

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