General Aspects of Catalysis

In general, the reaction rate is proportional to the amount of catalyst. This is true if the catalytic sites function independently. The number of turnovers per catalytic site per unit time is called the turnover frequency The reactivity of a catalyst is the product of the number of sites per unit mass or volume and the turnover frequency. 

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General aspects of catalysis with MePc encaged in zeolites... 

G.P. Chiusoli and P.M. Maitlis (eds) (2008) Metal-catalysis in Industrial Organic Processes, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge — A detailed book that covers C-0 and C-C bond formation, hydrogenation, syntheses involving CO, alkene metathesis, and polymerization as well as general aspects of catalysis. 

Some General Aspects of Chemisorption and Catalysis Takao Kwan... 

One of the most studied aspects of catalysis science is the relationship between structure and function. Some general themes are weU estabUshed by now, but specific connections between catalyst characteristics and performance attributes remain elusive in most cases. The crystalline geometry of zeolites makes them relatively more amenable to study by a variety of powerful modern characterization tools, but there remain many key unanswered questions in the catalytic application... 

In commencing a discussion of coordination chemistry aspects of catalysis, it is well to look more closely at what is meant by the term catalyst in relation to homogeneous catalysis. In general the word catalyst is applied to that complex which is added to the reaction mixture. Our current knowledge of the mechanisms of such reactions tells us that this complex rarely, if ever, takes part in the operating catalytic cycle which converts substrate to product. This complex is therefore much better termed the catalyst precursor . 

Reactions accomplished by enantioselective phase-transfer catalysis are summarized in Table 10.1 according to type of catalyst and synthetic transformation [9-81], Highest reported enantioselectivities (% ee) or optical purities (% op) are listed to give perspective to the overall field [82]. General aspects of phase-transfer systems, including catalysts are then discussed, followed by particular reaction classes. 

The area between enzymatic and chemical catalyses, associated with simulation of biochemical processes by their basic parameters, is accepted as mimetic catalysis. The key aspect of the mimetic catalyst is diversity of enzyme and biomimetic function processes, which principally distinguishes the mimetic model from traditional full simulation. Based on the analysis of conformities and diversities of enzymatic and chemical catalysis, the general aspects of mimetic catalysis are discussed. An idealized model of the biomimetic catalyst and the exclusive role of the membrane in its structural organization are considered. The most important achievements in the branch of catalysis are shown, in particular, new approaches to synthesis and study of biomimetic catalase, peroxidase and monooxidases reactions. 

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