Gastric emptying variability

They also are important portals for systemic therapy. However, many variables can influence dmg dissolution and absorption ia these areas, including rate of gastric emptying, intestinal motility, mass and pH of intestinal contents, and condition of the absorbiag surfaces (15—17). These variables, ia turn, can be affected by the patient s disease, posture, and eating habits, and even by such aspects of the treatment as the timing of doses (11). 

RL Oberle, GL Amidon. The influence of variable gastric emptying and intestinal transit rates on the plasma level curve of cimetidine An explanation for the double peak phenomenon. J Pharmacok Biopharm 15 529-544, 1987. 

P. Langguth, K. M. Lee, H. Spahn-Langguth, G. L. Amidon. Variable gastric emptying and discontinuities in drug absorption profiles dependence of rates and extent of cimeti-dine absorption on motility phase and pH. Biopharm. Drug Disposit. 1994,... 

BMI 19.8-36.0 kg m-2) were studied. All transit variables were unaffected by gender. The older subjects had a slower mean colonic transit time of radiolabeled plastic particles than the young subjects (p < 0.05), while BMI affected the gastric emptying of fiber but not other gastrointestinal variables [22]. In a more recent study, comparison was made between cohorts of young and elderly males, but no age-related effect could be determined [23]. 

In a small randomized study, 40 women undergoing elective cesarean section received either diamorphine 300 micrograms or 0.9% saline as part of a standard spinal anesthesia (38). Intrathecal diamorphine may contribute to the delay in gastric emptying that occurs immediately after elective spinal cesarean section. This is relevant within the context of other possible compounding variables that might delay the reintroduction of a solid diet postoperatively. 

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