Gas Phase Transport Equations

In the governing equations for the multiple particle mixture multi-fluid model, the gas-phase ensemble average V and its density-weighted average -ip), which were deflned by Drew [31] and discussed in Sect. 3.4.3, were applied [87, 89]  

In general, an ensemble average (V )e of a field quantity V (r, t), in which r and t denote the space and time coordinates, is defined as [87, 89]  

The Sjtg term represents the production of turbulent kinetic energy due to the movement of the particles. This term is approximated by (4.236). 

The gas phase turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate equation yields. 

The turbulent viscosity is defined by (4.235). The values used for the empirical parameters in the feo- o turbulence model are given in Table 4.9. 

---