Galactomannans composition

Anionic galactomannans, which are derived from guar gum, in which the hydroxyl groups are partially esterified with sulfonate groups that result from 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and l-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl sulfonic acid [1872], have been claimed to be suitable as thickeners. The composition is capable of producing enhanced viscosities, when used either alone or in combination with a cationic polymer and distributed in a solvent. 

J. C. Dawson. Method and composition for delaying the gellation (gelation) of borated galactomannans. Patent US 5082579, 1992. 

Ara, V., Thaler, H., Studies of coffee and coffee-substitute. XVIII. Dependence of the quantity and composition of a high polymer galactomannan on the coffee species and the degree of roasting, Z. Lebensm.-Unters. Forsch., 161, 143, 1976. (CA85 92 372 d)... 

Chrisp, J.D. "Method for Gelling Water Bearing Explosive Compositions Containing Galactomannan Gums," US Patent 3,202,556(1965). 

Method for Gelling Water-Bearing Explosive Compositions Containing Galactomannan Gums... 

Anderson, D. M. W., Howlett, J. F., and McNab, C. G. A. (1986). The amino acid composition of the proteinaceous components of konjac mannan, seed endosperm galactomannans and xanthan gum. Food Hydrocoll. 1 95-99. 

Mestechkina, N. M., Anulov, O. V., Smirnova, N. I., and Shcherbukhin, V D., Composition and structure of a galactomannan macromolecule from seeds of Astragalus lehmannianus Bunge. Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology 2000, 36 (5), 502-506. 

Jones and coworkers, in studies on mannose-containing polysaccharides, have isolated, from seeds of Iris ochroleuca and Iris sibirica, heterogeneous polysaccharides yielding on hydrolysis D-glucose and D-mannose in approximately equal amounts, as well as D-galactose (m. 3 %). These workers consider the possibility that the polysaccharides are mixtures of glucomannan with galactomannan, but, because of the similarity (in composition) between the two iris polysaccharides, tend to the view that they are... 

Guar gum and locust bean gum are galactomannans fiom plant sources. Because of similar chemical compositions, both have similar applications and modifications. Both gums bind well with many polysaccharides which alter both dispersion and viscosity characteristics. Etherification is the most common modification of these gums, and, in general, imparts greater viscosity, solubility, and solution clarity. 

Galactomannans are neutral polysaccharides isolated from seeds (carob, guar, locust bean, tara, etc.). Their main chain is made of [(1 4)- 3-D-Man] (Man = mannose M units) with different degrees of substitution on 0-6 with a-D-galactop5Tanosyl units (G). Their composition (or M/G ratio) is easily determined by H NMR. 

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