Gadolinium cations

Leclercq F, et al. Design, S5mthesis and evaluation of gadolinium cationic lipids as tools for biodistribution studies of gene delivery complexes Bioconj Chem 2003 14 112. 

The stability of the GdNaY zeolites in solutions containing cations (Na, K, Ca, Mg ) that typically occur in gastric and intestinal fluid was also studied. Using 0.025 M salt solutions (relatively high concentrations compared to the GI conditions), in the case of Na and K, no release of gadolinium was detected. However, in the presence of polyvalent cations (Ca " " and Mg " "), leaching of 2-5 % Gd(III) took place. 

Monocationic Schiff base complexes of gadolinium and lutetium were obtained by employing a highly aminofunctionalized Schiff base ligand as shown in Eq. (15) [170], An X-ray structure analysis of the lutetium complex revealed discrete cations and a distorted square antiprismatic coordination polyhedron. 

There is a small break in slope after gadolinium in some plotted ionic radii, notably for octahe-drally coordinated cations, attributed to crystal field effects on electrons in the 4/orbitals. This is discussed in Phillips Williams (1966, vol. 2, p. 106). 

The only complexes of lanthanum or cerium to be described are [La(terpy)3][C104]3 175) and Ce(terpy)Cl3 H20 411). The lanthanum compound is a 1 3 electrolyte in MeCN or MeN02, and is almost certainly a nine-coordinate mononuclear species the structure of the cerium compound is not known with any certainty. A number of workers have reported hydrated 1 1 complexes of terpy with praseodymium chloride 376,411,438), and the complex PrCl3(terpy)-8H20 has been structurally characterized 376). The metal is in nine-coordinate monocapped square-antiprismatic [Pr(terpy)Cl(H20)5] cations (Fig. 24). Complexes with a 1 1 stoichiometry have also been described for neodymium 33, 409, 411, 413, 417), samarium 33, 411, 412), europium 33, 316, 411, 414, 417), gadolinium 33, 411), terbium 316, 410, 414), dysprosium 33, 410, 412), holmium 33, 410), erbium 33, 410, 417), thulium 410, 412), and ytterbium 410). The 1 2 stoichiometry has only been observed with the later lanthanides, europium 33, 411, 414), gadolinium, dysprosium, and erbium 33). 

---