Further Applications of the Ideal-Gas Equation

In this section, we use the ideal-gas equation first to define the relationship between the density of a gas and its molar mass, and then to calculate the volumes of gases formed or consumed in chemical reactions. 

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Mechanical constraints on aerosol particle dynamics can be defined by certain basic parameters. Model particles are treated as smooth, inert, rigid spheres in near thermodynamic equilibrium with their surroundings. The particle concentration is very much less than the gas molecule concentration. The idealization requires that the ratio of the size (radius) of gas molecules (Rg) to that of particles i, Rg/Ri, be less than 1 and the mass ratio, mg/nii <3C 1. Application of Boltzmann s dynamic equations for aerosol behavior requires further that the length ratios Rg/kg < 1... 

Further, in regions well below the critical point, the vapor pressure is relatively small, so that the ideal gas law may be assumed to be applicable, i.e., pVv = RT, where Vv is the molar volume of the vapor and p is its pressure at the temperature T. Substituting RT/p for Vv in equation (27.11), this becomes... 

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