Furosemide liquid chromatographic methods

Extensive literature reviews (554, 555) have indicated that almost all reported analytical methods for the analysis of diuretics employ liquid chromatography. Most of these methods are limited, however, to assaying diuretics in urine and plasma. With the exception of a liquid chromatographic method for the determination of furosemide, another one for chlormethiazide, and a third method for chlorothiazide and hydrochlorothiazide residues in bovine milk, no chromato-... 

Matsuura, A. Nagayama, T. Kitagawa, T. Automated high-performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of furosemide in dog plasma. J.Chromatogr., 1993, 617, 339-343... 

Farthing, D. Karnes, T. Gehr, T.W. March, C. Fakhry, I. Sica, D.A. External-standard high-performance liquid chromatographic method for quantitative determination of furosemide in plasma by using solid-phase extracd ion and on-line elution. J.Pharm.Sci., 1992, 81, 569-571... 

A procedure for the determination of diuretics of different therapeutical character high (bumetanide, ethacrynic acid, furosemide), intermediate (bendroflumethiazide, chlorthalidone, hydrochlorothiazide, xipamide) and low (acetazolamide, amiloride, spironolactone, triamterene) efficacy diuretics, and the uricosuric agent probenecid, in urine samples, illustrates a method development implying the control of pH, surfactant and modifier [23]. The greatest analytical problems in the detection of these compounds are basically their wide variety of chemical structures, functional groups and protonation constants. This implies the use of several experimental conditions for their analysis with conventional aqueous-organic mobile phases and laborious liquid-liquid or solid-liquid extraction prior to chromatographic separation. In contrast, the same micellar eluent can produce a satisfactory separation after direct injection. 

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