Furan, 2-chloro-, synthesis

Furan, 3-carboxy-2-methyl-4,5-trimethylene-synthesis, 4, 659 Furan, 2-chloro-reactions, 4, 78 Furan, 3-chloromercurio-synthesis, 4, 651 Furan, 2-chloromethyl-reactions... 

Hydroxymethyl-4,8-dimethylfuro[2,3-/z]chromen-2-one was realized in an efficient manner via a Claisen rearrangement of 4-(hydroxybut-2-ynyloxy)-4-methylchromen-2-one as depicted in the following scheme. Other examples with substitution of hydroxyl and with other substituents, such as chloro, amino, acetoxy were also reported <06JHC763>. A new approach for the synthesis of oxygenated benzo[fe]furans was developed via epoxidation and cyclization of 2 -hydroxystilbene <06T4214>. 

Chloro-P-carboline (25) has served as a common intermediate in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, offering easy access to several pyridine alkaloids. In Bracher s total synthesis of perlolyrine (27), a P-carboline alkaloid, the Suzuki reaction of 25 with 5-formylfuranyl-2-boronic acid (26) formed the C-C bond between the pyridine and the furan rings <92LA1315>. Reduction of the resulting Suzuki adduct with NaBIL subsequently... 

Efficient synthesis of 2-chlorofuran is best achieved by decarboxylation of 2-chlorofuran-5-carboxylic acid (63JGU1397) or via the lithium derivative of furan. When furan or 3-bromofuran were treated in turn with ethyl-lithium and hexachloroethane, 2-chlorofuran (48%) or 3-chlorofuran (54%) was formed, uncontaminated by any polychlorinated products (73SC213). Chlorodesilylation of ethyl 5-trimethylsilyl-2-furoate with sul-furyl chloride in acetonitrile gave the 5-chloro ester in —85% yield (91MI4). 

Carboxy-4-methyl-5-pentyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (273), isolated from blood and urine, is a hitherto unknown class of metabolic compound. The structure of (273) has recently been confirmed by synthesis (80CB699). 2,4,5-Trialkyl substituted furan-3-carboxylic acids have been synthesized from acyloin and /3-ketoesters by treatment with zinc chloride. By analogy with this synthetic route, the reaction of acetoin with 3-oxoadipic acid dimethyl ester was found to yield the 2,3-dimethylfuran (274). The dimethyl ester (275) was prepared by condensation of 3-chloro-2-octanone with 3-oxoadipic acid dimethyl ester and was shown to be identical with the dimethyl ester of the natural product. 

The DFT study of the 3 + 2-cycloaddition between ketene and TV-silyl-, IV-germyl-, and TV-stannyl-imines shows that the TV-germylimine reaction is a two-step process the TV-stannylimine reaction is a competition between two- and three-step processes whereas the TV-silyl process follows a three-step process44 A new and convenient synthesis of functionalized furans and benzofurans based on 3 + 2-cycloaddition/oxidation has been reported. The cyclization of cyclic 1,3-bis-silyl enol ethers (48) with l-chloro-2,2-dimethoxyethane (49), via a dianion, produced 5,6-bicyclic 2-alkylidenetetrahydrofurans (50), which are readily oxidized with DDQ to 2,3-unsubstituted benzofurans (51) (Scheme 13)45 The Evans bis(oxazoline)-Cu(II) complex catalyses the asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of a -hydroxyenones with nitrones to produce isoxazolidines.46 The... 

Condensation of 1,2-dielectrophiles with a component that serves as a l,3-C,0-nucleophile is the underlying principle of a number of improved methods for furan synthesis. Bis-silyl enol ethers are suitable enol equivalents for the condensation with dielectrophiles to produce furans. Langer and co-workers have made use of this concept in the synthesis of annulated furans with l-chloro-2,2-dimethoxyethane as electrophile <2005EJ02074>. In a stepwise reaction comprising TMS triflate-assisted aldol reaction and cyclization with l,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) as a base, 3-methoxy exomethylene tetrahydrofurans are obtained, which finally yield the furan reaction products upon treatment with trifluoroacetic acid (Scheme 18). 

Scheme 34 Coupling-transacetalization-addition-cyclocondensation three-component synthesis of 3-chloro-4-iodo furans 59...

Chloro-4-iodo furans 59 can be valuable building blocks for the synthesis of highly substituted furans as illustrated by the Suzuki coupling of chloro iodo furan 59g with boronic acid 60d (R = p-MeOCeHU) furnishing trisubstituted chloro furan 62 in 59% yield (Scheme 36). Expectedly, the coupling selectively occurs at the carbon-iodine bond. 

A carboxyl group is removed from a heterocyclic nucleus in much the same way as from an aromatic nucleus (method 13), i.e., by thermal decomposition. The pyrolysis is catalyzed by copper or copper salts and is frequently carried out in quinoline solution. The reaction is important in the synthesis of various alkyl and halo furans. Furoic acid loses carbon dioxide at its boiling point (205°) to give furan (85%). A series of halo furans have been made in 20-97% yields by pyrolysis of the corresponding halofuroic acids. The 5-iodo acid decarboxylates at a temperature of 140°, whereas the 3- and 5-chloro acids requite copper-bronze catalyst at 250°. ... 

A new synthesis of furans from a-hydroxyketones has been reported, e.g. (326) was prepared from sebacoin. Treatment of phenyl hydrazones of cyclic ketones with arsenic trichloride gave arsadiazoles, e.g. (327) was obtained from cycloheptanone. Novel 1,5-benzodiazepines, e.g. (328), were obtained when cyclic ketones were condensed with o-phenylenediamine or its 4-chloro-derivative in the presence of boron trifluoride etherate. "... 

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