Fundamentals of supercritical fluids

T. Clifford, Fundamentals of Supercritical Fluids, Oxford University Press, Oxford (1998). 

G. Brunner, Gas extraction, An introduction to fundamentals of supercritical fluids and the application to separation processes, Steinkopff, Darmstadt, (1994). 

G. Brunner, Gas Extraction an Introduction to Fundamentals of Supercritical Fluids and the Application to Separation Processes, Steinkopff, Darmstadt, 1994. 

The use of supercritical fluids in separation processes has received considerable attention in the past several years and the fundamentals of supercritical fluid (SCF) extraction and potential applications have been described in a recent review article (p. It is generally known that supercritical conditions enhance the dissolution of solid particles. In comparison with liquid solvents, supercritical fluids have a high diffusivity, a low density and a low viscosity, thus allowing rapid extraction and phase separation. Little information is available in the literature however, on mass transfer coefficients between supercritical fluids and solids. 

Supercritical Fluid Extraction This process generally involves the use of CO2 or light hydrocarbons to extract components from liquids or porous solids [Brunner, Gas Extraction An Introduction to Fundamentals of Supercritical Fluids and the Application to Separation Processes (Springer-Verlag, 1995) Brunner, ed.. Supercritical Fluids as Solvents and Reaction Media (Elsevier, 2004) and McHugh and Krukonis, Supercritical Fluid Extraction, 2d ed. (Butterworth-Heinemann, 1993)]. Supercritical fluid extraction differs from liquid-liquid or liquid-solid extraction in that the operation is carried out at high-pressure, supercritical (or near-supercritical) conditions where the extraction fluid exhibits... 

Clifford, T. Fundamentals of Supercritical Fluids Oxford University Press New York, 1999. Jessop, P. G Leitner, W., Eds. Chemical Synthesis Using Supercritical Fluids Wiley-VC i Weinheim, 1999. 

Brunner, G.(I994) Ckis Extraction. An introduction to fundamentals of supercritical fluids and the application to. separation proce.s.ses.S e nkopff, Darmstadt Springer, New York ISBN 0-387-91477-3. Brunner, G.(1987) Decaffeination of raw coffee by means of compressed nitrous oxide, Proc. International Symposium on Supercritical Fluids, Vol. 2, P. 691-698 Nice, October 1988. 

Clifford, T. (1999) Fundamentals of Supercritical Fluids, Oxford University Press, Oxford. WiUiams, R.A. and Naiditch, S. (1970) Electrodeposition of silver from dense gaseons solutions of silver nitrate in ammonia. Physics and Chemistry of Liquids, 2, 67-75. 

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