Fundamental dimensions electrical current

Electric current is tlie fundamental electrical dimension in SI its unit is the ampere (A). Detennine units for tlie following quantities, as combinations of fundamental SI units. 

Temperature is a fundamental property in thermodynamics. It is a measure of the kinetic energy of molecules and gives rise the sensation of hot and cold. It is measured using a thermometer, a device that obtains temperature indirectly by measuring some property that is a sensitive function of temperature, for example, the volume of mercury inside a capillary (mercury thermometer), the electric current between two different metallic wires (thermocouple), etc. In the SI system, the absolute temperature is a fundamental quantity (dimension) and its unit is the kelvin (K). In the American Engineering system, absolute temperature is measured in rankine (R), whose relationship to the kelvin is. 

As e lained in Chapter 6, based on our understanding of our physical world today, we need seven fundamental or base dimensions to correcdy express the physical laws that govern our world. They are lengdi, mass, time, temperature, electric current, amount of substance, and luminous intensity. Moreover, with the help of these base dimensions we can derive all other necessary physical quanddes that describe how nature works. 

The dimensions of the added nanoelements also contribute to the characteristic properties of PNCs. Thus, when the dimensions of the particles approach the fundamental length scale of a physical property, they exhibit unique mechanical, optical and electrical properties, not observed for the macroscopic counterpart. Bulk materials comprising dispersions of these nanoelements thus display properties related to solid-state physics of the nanoscale. A list of potential nanoparticulate components includes metal, layered graphite, layered chalcogenides, metal oxide, nitride, carbide, carbon nanotubes and nanofibers. The performance of PNCs thus depends on three major attributes nanoscopically confined matrix polymer, nanosize inorganic constituents, and nanoscale arrangement of these constituents. The current research is focused on developing tools that would enable optimum combination of these unique characteristics for best performance of PNCs. 

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