French hybrids

Moreover, a whole new generation of small quality-minded wineries has come into being since 1960, oriented more toward the French hybrids than the traditional varieties. At the same time, a number of these are giving some of the V. vinifera varieties another whirl. 

Figure 10.10 shows the variation of the position of the emission maximum with the excitation wavelength of the following corns the Standard (a), the mutant AE (b), the hybrid American E.H.seeds (c), the French hybrid corn (Epi d or) (d), a sweet com cultivated in Seattle (e), and of a French non hybrid sweet corn (Epi d or) (f). We notice that the standard com emits at 412-414 nm at A x 280-290 nm. The mutant AE com displays an emission maximum located at 425 nm that remains stable at different excitation wavelengths and all sweet corns possess a fluorescence peak around 430-435 nm. 

The first successful selections from this programme were Vincent, bred in 1949 Ventura, bred in 1951 and Veeblanc, bred in 1953. Of these three, Vincent had superior stable colour compared with the traditional V. labruscana cultivars and a better flavour profile, Ventura had superior winter hardiness but was reminiscent of V. riparia flavours and Veeblanc had a neutral flavour and better cropping balance than most of the large clustered French hybrids. 

Several table grapes, traditional red vinifera with French hybrids... 

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