French Ammonals

French Ammonals. See under Ammonals A290 (table)... 

The following are examples of mixed dynamites containing an explosive base in addition to nitro-glycerine 40 per cent, nitro-glycerine, 12 per cent, wood-meal, 46 per cent, sodium nitrate, and -1 per cent, calcium or magnesium carbonate. In a French ammon-dynamite, ammonium nitrate is used. It has the following composition 40 per cent, nitro-glycerine, 10 per cent, wood-meal, 10 per cent sodium nitrate, 40 per cent, ammonium nitrate. 

Ammonal, described in Ref 4, pp 237-40, was similar to Austrian, Brit, German, French and Amer Ammonals described in Ref 24, Vol 1, pp A287-L to A292-R. The Ital Army used during WWI the mixture AN 71—72, A1 powder 22 tar (bitume) 6—7%, under the name Nitramite (Ref 4, p 238). Several formulations used during WWII contd AN 46—64, A1 17—22, TNT 15—30 carbon 3%. Such a compn was known as Toluol-ammonal or T-ammonal. TNN... 

Explosives. Finally(sometime after WWI), the Austrians, Germans, French and British omitted the charcoal altogether in military ammonals and these explosives became simply mixtures of amatols with aluminum. 

SYNS AMMONIO piCROAIATO DI) (ITALIAN) AMMONIUMBICHROMAAT (DUTCH) AMMON-lUMDICHROMAAT (DUTCH) AMMONIUiM-DICHROMAT (GERMAN) AMMONIUM DICHROMATE AMMONIUM DICHROMATE(VI) BICHROMATE d AMMONIUM (FRENCH)... 

At the very end of the eighteenth century, Tassaert—a French chemist so obscure in the history of chemistry that his first name remains unknown—observed that ammonia combined with a cobalt ore to yield a reddish-brown product. This was most likely the first known coordination compound. Throughout the first half of the nineteenth century, many other, often beautifully crystalline examples of various cobalt ammonates were prepared. These compounds were strikingly colored, and the names given to them—for example, roseo-, luteo- (from the Latin luteus, meaning deep yellow ), and purpureocobaltic chlorides—reflected these colors. 

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