Freezing/melting point

The attitude we adopt in this discussion is that only those chain segments in the middle of the chain possess sufficient regularity to crystallize. Hence we picture crystallization occurring from a mixture in which the concentration of crystallizable units is Xj and the concentration of solute or diluent is Xg. The effect of solute on the freezing (melting) point of a solvent is a well-known result T j, is lowered. Standard thermodynamic analysis yields the relationship... 

Freezing/melting point (at degrees C) -55 C Boiling point (at degrees C) 133 C... 

Ethanol has the higher vapor pressure at 25°C. First, notice that a freezing point and a melting point are the same thing — that point is the temperature at which a substance undergoes the liquid-to-solid or solid-to-liquid phase transition. Next, compare the freezing/melting points of... 

Consider the effect on the freezing (melting) point, Tm of a liquid of adding some solid (solute) to it. As a practical application we can think of the road gritting protocol in winter. The addition of solids (usually sand/salt mixtures) to road surface water depresses the freezing point to below the lowest temperature likely to be reached and hence inhibits the creation of ice surfaces on the road. 

Chemical Formula Molecular Weight Freezing/Melting Point Boiling Point Density, d/0... 

Chemical formula Molecular weight Freezing/melting point Boiling point Density, d420 Heat of solution in water Bulk density Specific heat (J/(kg -K) 0°C 50°C 100°C 150°C... 

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