Fragment integer

Rule Cleaving off a radical (that contains no nitrogen) from any ion changes the integer m/z value from odd to even or vice versa. Loss of a molecule (that contains no nitrogen) from an ion produces even mass fragments from even mass ions and odd mass fragments from odd mass ions. 

In the integer case, these values usually refer to the frequency of occurrence of a given feature such as, for example, a molecular fragment. In the categorical... 

In a methodology they developed called holographic QSAR (44), Hurst and Patterson have used integer-valued vectors to characterize the frequency of occurrence of molecular fragments. However, they do not use the vectors in their native form but rather fold them into a smaller vector by hashing. 

In the traditional molecular-fragment approach the coefficients of the vector components are usually binary- or positive integer-valued. A continuous vector representation can be constructed in the following way. Choose a set of/molecular fragments, or whole molecules, as a molecular basis for representing chemistry space... 

A unique molecular formula (or fragment formula) can often be derived from a sufficiently accurate mass measurement alone (high-resolution mass spectrometry). This is possible because the nuclide masses are not integers (see Table 2.2). For example, we can distinguish at a unit mass of 28 among CO, N2, CH2N, and C2H4. 

M - molecule, C+ cation. A anion, C atom or molecule, S solvent, Ad - adsorbed species, F fragment, m.n - positive Integers... 

Each fragment is labeled with an integer (i), beginning at N and ending at Ci+1 with the first fragment being N, ->C2. 

Consider a molecule and assume that its nuclei are distributed into m mutually exclusive families, where m can take any positive integer value. As follows from the defining equation (23) of the fragment density matrix, the sum of Mezey s fragment density matrices Pk is equal to the density matrix P of the molecule ... 

A prominent biochemical feature of apoptosis is inter-nucleosomal cleavage of chromatin in a pattern indicative of endogenous endonuclease activation (Wyllie, 1981). This creates low molecular-sized fragments of chromatin which are integers of the 180 base pairs of DNA associated with a nucleosome. When DNA extracted from apoptotic cells is subjected to agarose gel elec-... 

Figure 12.2 The characteristic ladder pattern on agarose gel electophoresis of DNA extracted from apoptotic neutrophils. This cleavage of fragments which are integers of 180 kb is indicative of intemucleosomai cieavage.

Create Table fragments (description Text, smarts Text, abit Integer) ... 

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