Four-state molecular system, non-adiabatic

From the theoretical point of view, this relaxation process has been the subject of a large number of quantum dynamics investigations, based on reduced and full dimensional models. Farly works [13-17] reported three- and four-mode models and showed that a simple two-state four-dimensional model provides a qualitatively correct simulation of the UV absorption spectrum [17], These models were used to simulate various spectroscopic signals, including time-resolved transient absorption [18-20], and ionization [21] spectra, fluorescence [22] and resonance Raman spectra [23]. Worth et al. [24-27] performed accurate quantum dynamics simulations based on a model including the twenty-four vibrational modes of the molecule using the MCTDH method. These benchmark results have then been used to test various approximate methods for the simulation of non-adiabatic dynamics of molecular systems [28 0]. 

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