Four-quadrant classification

As shown in the previous section, the shape of bubbles was found to affect preferably the modulation of radial (horizontal) turbulence component [24]. However, the mechanism of turbulence production was not mentioned. In this section, the application is described of the four-quadrant classification method, [39] one of the most popular conditional sampling methods, adopted to elucidate the coherent structure of turbulence or the mechanism of turbulence production in a He-Wood s metal bubbling jet. 

Turbulent motions in single-phase boundary layers, pipe flows, and jets are not completely random but have coherent or ordered structure [42-45], According to the four-quadrant classification method, the turbulent motions are grouped into four distinct categories, as illustrated in Fig. 2.24. In this figure, ejection denotes a higher momentum fluid motion directed outward, outward interaction denotes a lower momentum fluid motion directed outward, sweep denotes a lower momentum... 

Experimental Results Based on Four-Quadrant Classification Method... 

The situational leadership leader grid is shown in Chart 7.12. Here we also see four quadrants, each with its classification of the individual. For S1 we have the directing/telling type of personality where the leader sets all the goals and solves all the problems. The leader controls the who, what, when, where, how, why, and how much of all decisions. This is a one-directional top down communication where the leader supervises all and evaluates everyone and everything. 

Chapter 10 on activity systems asserts that choices are the essence of strategy. Without choices there is no strategy. A first step in defining spheres also requires choices to prune problematic customers, products, and operations. Figure 9.3 shows four decision categories that summarize the process. The classification focuses on products, classifying those that are complex (quadrants I and III) or not complex (quadrants II and IV). 

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