Formation of polymer networks

Lipatova TE (1973) Kataliticheskaya polimerizatsiya oligomerov i formirovaniye polimernykh setok (Catalytic polymerization of oligomers and formation of polymer networks) Naukova Dumka, Kiev, p 208... 

The formation of polymer networks by step-growth polymerization has been modeled using statistical theories, such as the Flory-Stockmayer classical theory [61-64], the Macosko-Miller conditional probability model [65-70], and Gordon s cascade theory [71-74]. However, statistical methods have not been successful for modeling of polymer network formation in chain-growth polymerization systems. 

T2 becomes shorter during the curing process due to the formation of polymer network and the increase in T of the system. However, there appears short T2 component soon after the starting of cure. This means the non-uniform curing in the system. 

Fig. 11 Formation of polymer network from vinyl mrauuner and bifunctirmal crosslinking agent via UV irradiatiem...

Figure 5.4. A reaction scheme differentiating an IPN from an IPS. The IPS is a variation on the semi-SIN idea, where the two monomers are mixed, followed by a sequential polymerization. The first polymer is crosslinked, and the second linear.Mi, M2—Addition of monomers Ci, C2—addition of crosslinking agents Xi, X2—addition of catalysts Pi, P2— formation of polymer network L2—formation of linear polymer —triisocyanurate ring.

The rate and the extent of conversion in polymerization reactions, the evolution of nonlinear rheological properties, and the formation of polymer networks are closely related to the effectiveness and the type of mixing (chaotic vs nonchaotic)... 

T. E. Lipatova in Catalytic Polymerization of Oligomers and Formation of Polymer Networks (Russ.), IVaaAoaaOwmAo, Kiev, 1970. 

Fig. 12-15 Photomicrograph demonstrating spontaneous formation of polymer network upon curing of the CRS-2 asphalt emulsion modified with 3 % cationic SBR latex.

T. Eh.Lipatova. Kataliticheskaja Polimerizacija Oligomerov I formirovanie Polimemykh Setok (Catalytic Polymerization of Oligomers and formation of Polymer Networks). Kiev Naukova Dumka, 1974 (in Russian). 

---