Fore-reef

Lehnert H, van Soest RWM (1996) North Jamaican Deep Fore-Reef Sponges. Beaufortia 46 53... 

Roberts, H.H., Murray, S.F. and Suhayda, J.N., 1977. Physical processes in a fore-reef shelf environment. Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Coral Reefs, Vol. 2,pp. 507—515. 

Fig. 2.1 Top Aerial photograph of a section of the barrier reef of Chuuk Atoll, Marshall Islands (7°27 N, 151°51 E). Picture courtesy of the Coral Reef Research Foundation. Dark lines on the forereef indicate the presence of grooves. Bottom Generalized sketch of fore-reef and reef flat for Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands (11°30 N, 165°2573) adapted from Munk and Sargent (1954).

Areas of reefs with higher dissipation of energy, namely fore-reef and reef flats may have higher rates of nutrient input, lower C N P ratios and better quality organic carbon for food. We suggest that the spatial arrangement of net autotrophy and heterotrophy must be on scales of hundreds of meters and have characteristic differences in water flow and dissipation of energy (Falter, 2002). These ideas are yet to be proven. 

Vecsei, A., 2004. A new estimate of global reefal carbonate production including fore-reefs. Global and Planetary Change, 43 1-18. 

Figure 28.1 Jamaican early Pleistocene brachiopods (Manchioneal Formation) found associated with crinoids. (A,B) Tichosina sp. (A) Natural History Museum, London (NHM) BB8659, ventral view (B) NHM 41851, dorsal view (C,D) TerebratuHna sp. cL T. palmeri Cooper, 1979, NHM B22000 (C) ventral view (D) dorsal view (E,F) Argyrotheca sp. cf. A barret-tiana (Davidson, 1866), NHM 41835 (E) ventral view (F) dorsal view. Shells of Tere-bratulina and Argyrotheca are slightly asymmetrical, possibly due to growing in cavities within the fore reef. All scale bars represent 10 mm. Taxonomy follows Harper (1993).

Figure 6.9. Mean concentrations of dissolved species in Checker Reef pore waters and overlying seawater. Vertical bars indicate standard deviations. "FR" and "BK" refer to seawater samples from the fore and back reef stations. Other symbols refer to l-and-2 meter deep sampling stations across the reef (D is the midpoint of the reef). (After Sansone et al., 1990.)...

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