Force weight

In some cases, one may not be able to collect enough trajectories for a histogram analysis. Instead, one can use moments [15]. In particular, the derivative of the free energy is approximately given by the average force (weighted by the Boltzmann factor of the accumulated work)... 

Mass weighed value, force, weight force, weight load, definitions 1/88... 

Stress relaxation measurements [Figure 3.1 (3)] are obtained by employing similar equipment. Here the force (weights, etc.) is rapidly applied... 

Drag force = Weight force - Buoyancy force (9.4)... 

The unconventional dimension of kg/m3 is the result of our consistent application of the SI rather than the older CGS system of units. The fundamental SI units are meter, kilogram (mass), second, ampere, Kelvin (K) an Candela, while force, weight, pressure etc. are derived magnitudes. For conversion tables see the back flyleaf of this volume. 

Other people turn to a different method of forced weight loss. Individuals with bulimia, an eating disorder in which vomiting is induced after eating in order to prevent food from being absorbed by the body, sometimes use drugs as part of their illness. In particular, a medicinal syrup called ipecac causes abusers to vomit. Ipecac, an... 

The method is based on Wilhelmy s plate technique for measuring DCAs. The technique involves the measurement of force as a plate is (automatically) immersed into and then emersed from a liquid at a constant rate. The forces (weight) can be plotted as a function of the immersion depth, and, from this, contact angles calculated (Figure 1.29a,b). 

The new estimate of 0 is a more efficient estimator since it makes use of the variability in the data. A modification of this process is to combine Steps 2 and 3 into a single step and iterate until the GLS parameter estimates stabilize. This modification is referred to as iteratively reweighted least-squares (IRWLS) and is an option available in both WinNonlin and SAS. Early versions of WinNonlin were limited in that g(.) was limited to the form in Eq. (4.6) where is specified by the user. For example, specifying 4> = 0.5, forces weights... 

A moment in mechanics is generally defined as Uj = Qd, where Uj is the jth moment, about a specified line or plane a of a vector or scalar quantity Q (e.g., force, weight, mass, area), d is the distance from Q to the reference line or plane, and j is a number indicating the power to which d is raised. [For example, the first moment of a force or weight about an axis is defined as the product of the force and the distance of the fine of action of the force jfrom the axis. It is commonly known as the torque. The second moment of the force about the same axis (i.e., i = 2) is the moment of inertia.] If Q has elements Qi, each located a distance di from the same reference, the moment is given by the sum of the individual moments of the elements ... 

By mass is often used synonymously with by weight, but the term mass refers to a quantity of matter regardless of the effect of gravity and other forces weight, however, is dependent on those forces. For example, while a lead mass will weigh less in the water than on dry ground and less again on the surface of the moon, its mass remains constant. 

Force = Weight of plate + Xyi cosO - Buoyancy in liquid... 

Force measurements are usually based on a measurement of the motion which results from the applied force. If the applied force results in gross motion of the controlled output, and the mass of the output element is known, then any appropriate accelerometer attached to the controlled output produces an output proportional to the applied force (F = Ma). A simple spring-balance scale (Fig. 18.6(a)) relies on measurement of displacement, which results from the applied force (weight) extending the spring. 

Presently the attention is paid to improving the polymer gel properties, mainly to reducing the response time to the stimuli action, and to increasing the developed force/weight ratio. Interesting results were obtained modifying the poly(acrylonitrile) fine... 

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