For cerebral edema

Thyroid 1 uptake may be decreased. False-negative results with the nitroblue-tetrazolium test for bacterial infection. Dexamethasone, given for cerebral edema, may alter the results of a brain scan (decreased uptake of radioactive material). 

Glaser N, Barnett P, McCaslin I, Nelson D, Trainor J, Louie J, Kaufman F, Quayle K, Roback M, Malley R, Kuppermann N. Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Risk factors for cerebral edema in children with diabetic ketoacidosis. The Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee of the American Academy of Pediatrics. N Engl J Med 2001 344(4) 264-9. 

Sears ES. Nonketotic hyperosmolar hyperglycemia during glycerol therapy for cerebral edema. Neurology 1976 26(l) 89-94. 

Acute benzene poisoning results in CNS depression and is characterized by an initial euphoria followed by staggered gait, stupor, coma, and convulsions. Exposure to approximately 4000 ppm benzene results in complete loss of consciousness. Insomnia, agitation, headache, nausea, and drowsiness may persist for weeks after exposure (126). Continued inhalation of benzene to the point of euphoria has caused irreversible encephalopathy with tremulousness, emotional lability, and diffuse cerebral atrophy (125). In deaths arising from acute exposure, respiratory tract infection, hypo- and hyperplasia of sternal bone marrow, congested kidneys, and cerebral edema have been found at autopsy. 

Mannitol (Osmitrol) is used for the promotion of diuresis in the prevention and treatment of the oliguric phase of acute renal failure as well as for the reduction of IOP and the treatment of cerebral edema Urea (Ureaphil) is useful in reducing cerebral edema and in die reduction of IOE Glycerin (Osmoglyn) and isosorbide (Ismotic) are used in the treatment of acute glaucoma and to reduce IOP before and after eye surgery. 

Excellent biological arguments exist for a direct impact of fever specifically on neurological outcome. On a local level, fever produces increased levels of excitatory amino acids (e.g., glutamate and dopamine), free radicals, lactic acid, and pyr-uvate. There is an increase in cell depolarizations and BBB breakdown. Enzymatic function is impaired and cytoskeletal stability reduced. These events lead to increased cerebral edema, with a possible reduction in CPP as well as larger volumes of ischemic injury. " ... 

TABLE 8.6 Guidelines for the Management of Cerebral Edema in Patients with Massive Hemispheric Cerebral Infarction. 

Monitor for evidence of cerebral edema, noncardiogenic (permeability) pulmonary edema, acute respiratory distress syndrome, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, and vascular thrombosis... 

In 1954, a proprietary formulation, Stalinon , was marketed in France for oral administration of boils. The formulation was primarily linoleic acid but was contaminated with triethyltin (TET)iodide (LD50 in rats, ca 0.7 mg/kg1) and may have contained the mono-, di- and tetraethyltin compounds. The formulation led to the death of 102 people and the intoxication of more than 200 others. The TET caused altopic cerebral edema of the white matter of the brain. Since the Stalinon Affair , a great deal of control has been exerted in the manufacture and marketing of organotins and few deaths have occurred11. The accidental exposure of six industrial workers to TMT led to one death and to two seriously... 

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