Fluorine standard electrode potential

The chemistry of fluorine is dominated by its electronegativity, which is the highest of all elements. The colorless gas F2 has an estimated standard electrode potential E° (Chapter 15) of +2.85 V for reduction to F (cf. + 1.36 V for Cl2 to Cl-), and thus F2 immediately oxidizes water to oxygen (E° = +1.23 V), and 2% aqueous NaOH to the gas F20. Obviously, F2 cannot be made by electrolysis of aqueous NaF. The usual preparation involves electrolysis of HF-KF melts in a Monel (Cu-Ni alloy) or copper apparatus. 

Elemental fluorine is produced commercially by the electrolysis of KF-2HF (mp 72 °C) using carbon anodes and steel cathodes. The voltage of the cells is 8-12 V (standard electrode potential for F2 = 2.85 V) and current is as high as 15kA, depending on cell size. The cathode and anode are separated by skirts to prevent mixing of F2 with H2 formed at the cathode. The western world production of fluorine is ca. 2-3 x 10 ta , of which about 55% is used for production of UFe and 40% is for SFe. Other uses include production of CF4, NF3, and fluorinated graphite for batteries. 

The standard electrode potential of fluorine cannot be measured directly because F2 reacts with water, displacing O2. Using thermodynamic data from Appendix D, obtain a value of... 

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