Fluidelastic whirling

Tube vibrations in a tube bundle are caused by oscillatory phenomena induced by fluid (gas or liquid) flow. The dominant mechanism involved in tube vibrations is the fluidelastic instability or fluidelastic whirling when the structure elements (i.e., tubes) are shifted elastically from their equilibrium positions due to the interaction with the fluid flow. The less dominant mechanisms are vortex shedding and turbulent buffeting. 

This subsection is organized as follows. The tube vibration excitation mechanism (the fluidelastic whirling) will be considered first, followed by acoustic phenomena. Finally, some design-related guidelines for vibration prevention will be outlined. 

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