Flow processes synthesizing

Choose stream from source Hst to process (if Hst contains >1 stream, selection may be arbitrary) all streams will eventually be processed, but processing order may have effect on stmcture of flow sheet synthesized. 

The selection of functional molecules was oriented at targeting blockbuster syntheses for pharmaceutical companies [83]. In this way, an already marketed blockbuster synthesis was applied to micro flow processing, with the aim of finally achieving production in micro reactors for the same synthesis. 

The addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes produces secondary alcohols. This process can be stereoselectively catalyzed by chiral amino alcohols that form Schiff-base zinc complexes with the aldehyde and the metal. With the aim of simplifying the work-up of these reactions and to use continuous-flow processes, the polymer-supported amino alcohols 115 and 116 were synthesized (Scheme 21) [91]. The polymers were obtained by co-polymerization of the chiral monomer 117 and styrene 58 in the presence of divinylbenzene (118) or cross-tinldng agent 119 containing a flexible oxyethylene chain. The latter was used to ensure sufficient flexibility within the cross-linked network of the polymer and to further activate the nucleophile by coordination of the oxyethylene chain to the metal. 

The power of column-like reactors for continuous flow processes lies in the possibility to sequentially link them up in order to carry out multistep syntheses in solution in one run (see also Schemes 1 and 2). Lectka and coworkers utilized conventional fritted and jacketed columns for this purpose. These columns were filled with conventional functionalized polymeric beads [47]. The continuous flow was forced by gravity. En route to / -lactams polymer beads functionalized with the Schwesinger base 17, a cinchona alkaloid derivative 18 as a chiral catalyst, and a primary amine 19 were sequentially employed. They first guaranteed the generation of phenyl ketene from phenyl... 

The synthesis of colloidal paramagnetic nanoparticles is a complex process. The requirements of the produced magnetic nanoparticles are homogeneous composition, narrow size distribution, and repeatable and facile chemical conditions. Magnetic nanoparticles can be synthesized by numerous chemical methods such as microemulsions [113], sol-gel synthesis [114], sonochemical reactions [115], hydrothermal reactions [116], hydrolysis and thermolysis of precursors [117], flow injection syntheses [118], electrospray syntheses [119], and the most commonly used technique chemical coprecipitation of iron salts [120,121],... 

Naphthalenequinone methides (382) and (384) were photochemically synthesized from 1- and 2-adamantylnaphthol derivatives (381) and (383), respectively (Scheme 82). Photorearrangement of allqrl-aryl nitrones (385) via oxaziridines (386) afforded amide derivatives (387) as peptide fragments via continuous flow process (Scheme 83). ... 

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