Flotation-filtration unit clarifier

Section 27.3 introduces the improved activated sludge systems involving the use of either a DAF clarifier or a dissolved air flotation-filtration (DAFF) clarifier as the secondary flotation clarification unit. 

The first system, shown in Figure 6.6, is identical to the conventional reduction-precipitation in chemistry (i.e., neutralization, chromium reduction, pH adjustment, metal hydroxide precipitation, and so on). However, a flotation-filtration clarifier (Tank T101SF, as shown in Figure 6.6) is used. The unit consists of rapid mixing, flocculation, high-rate DAF, and sand filtration.1557... 

Chemicals can be added to the water in clarifiers, which are tanks that contain mixers that cause sufficient turbulence to create contact between the chemical and the solids. Coagulation/flocculation chemicals can also be added in flotation units to aid in attaching gas bubbles to the solid particles. Polyelectrolytes added to the feed stream to filtration units have proven effective at increasing filtration efficiency. 

The system consists of three water loops, two in stock preparation (because of the combination of flotation - dispersion - flotation) and one in the paper machine. The water circuit design follows the previously mentioned principles of counter current flow and thereby allows the fresh water to be used to the maximum effect. In addition the save-all is followed by an additional DAF unit DAF 1 is used as a kidney for removal of detrimental substances, treating the make-up water from the paper machine (clear filtrate) together with part of the clear filtrate from the disc filter in loop II. DAF 2 treats the filtrates from reject and sludge dewatering. The clarified water is partly recycled back into loop I, the rest being sent to the effluent treatment... 

---