Flank wear

The two predominant wear modes of cBN tools are DCL notching and microchipping. PolycrystaUine cBN tools exhibit flank wear where alumina... 

Flank Wear. Flank or abrasive wear (Fig. 2b) is often observed on the flank face of an insert or at the working end of wear parts or mining tools and is related to the hardness of the tool material. Harder tool materials provide greater flank and abrasive wear resistance. 

Other wear mechanisms are flank wear and crater wear which occur mostly with cemented-carbide tools. Flank wear refers to the depression that is formed below the cutting edge on the side of the tool caused by the abrasive wear of the cemented carbide. TiC is particularly effective in reducing it. Crater wear occurs in the form of small depressions on the rake face behind the point of contact of the tool with the workpiece. Diffusion of the cobalt binder into the cutting chip usually occurs with crater wear. TiN is effective in reducing both diffusion and crater wear.PI... 

Of the various tool failure mechanisms, fracture is least desirable because it is unpredictable. Most tool material development work is focused on minimizing flank wear and retarding unwanted tool failure modes such as catastrophic fracture, gross plastic deformation, BUE, crater wear, and DOCN. 

HSS and TiN-coated HSS all materials of low—medium strength and hardness turning, drilling, milling, broaching medium speed flank wear, crater wear low hot hardness, limited hardenability and wear resistance, low to medium cutting speed, low- to medium-strength materials... 

Dwaihl (1940), Trent (1952) and Trigger and Cho (1956) conducted a number of fundamental studies on various aspects of tool wear of cemented carbide tools. There are mainly two types of wear, viz. flank wear and crater wear. Crater wear starts on the rake face at some distance away from the tool nose, as the maximum temperature is attained at this point. It is a diffusion-dominant wear, and temperature plays an excessive role in it. The flank wear occurs at the flank surface and affects the dimensional accuracy to a great extent. Recently, Astakhov (2004) has argued that the existing measures of flank wear are insufficient for its characterization and he has proposed new concepts. 

Flank wear width of submicrometer ceramic tools on turning hard globular cast iron hardness HRC = 43-45), see Table 4 for tool characterization. 

At all cutting velocities the new laboratory grades are clearly superior to advanced commercial inserts. Contrary to a sometimes different behavior of flank wear and cutting edge displacement on turning hard cast iron, both parameters were well... 

Mainly occurring types of wear in broaching is comer wear (CW), flank wear (VBa), rake face wear (VBy), and rounding of the cutting edge. Due to relatively low cutting speeds and therefore little development of temperature compared to other machining processes, crater wear does not occur (Hoffmann 1976). 

Primary failure mode Flank wear Flank wear... 

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