Flagellar rotor

DPDPB has been used to study the endocytosis of cadherin from intracellular junctions (Troyanovsky et al., 2006), the subunit arrangement in the flagellar rotor assembly (Lowder et al., 2005), and the disease-associated mutations in myelin proteolipid protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (Swanton et al., 2005). DPDPB can be used to conjugate reduced antibody molecules to p-D-galactosidase using essentially the same protocol as that described by O Sullivan et al. (1979). 

Lowder, B.J., Duyvesteyn, M.D., and Blair, D.F. (2005) FliG subunit arrangement in the flagellar rotor probed by targeted cross-linking./. Bacteriol. 187, 5640-5647. 

Donato, G.M. and Kawula, T.H. (1998). Enhanced binding of altered H-NS protein to flagellar rotor protein FfiG causes increased flagellar rotational speed and hypermotflity in Escherichia coli.J. Biol. Chem. 273, 24030-24036. 

The filaments of the flagellar bundle of E. coli all rotate in the same direction. Tumbling requires simultaneous reversal of all the flagellar rotors. Similarly the bundles of Spirillum although at opposite poles of the cell exhibit synchronous changes in rotational direction. These properties suggest the existence of a central co-ordinating system, possibly an electrochemical mechanism, similar to that of the ciliate protozoa. 

Suzuki, H., Yonekura, K., and Namba, K. (2004). Structure of the rotor of the bacterial flagellar motor revealed by electron cryomicroscopy and single-particle image analysis./. Mol. Biol. 337, 105-113. 

Zhou, J., Lloyd, S. A., and Blair, D. A. (1998). Electrostatic interactions between rotor and stator in the bacterial flagellar motor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sri. USA 95, 6436-6441. 

S.A. Lloyd, F.G. Whitby, D.F. Blair, and C.P. Hill. 1999. Structure of the C-terminal domain of FliG, a component of the rotor in the bacterial flagellar motor Nature 400 472-475. (PubMedl... 

Bacterial flagellar motor H+/Na+ gradient Stator and rotor proteins, flagellum Plasma membrane Rotation of flagellum attached to rotor... 

Garza, A.G., Biran, R., Wohlschlegel, J.A. and Manson, M.D. (1996). Mutations in motB suppressible by changes in stator or rotor components of the bacterial flagellar motor. J. Mol. Biol. 258, 270-285. 

Lloyd, S.A. and Blair, D.F. (1997). Charged residues of the rotor protein FhC essential for torque generation in the flagellar motor of Escherichia coli. J. Mol. Biol. 266, 733-744. 

In our view, cyclic protonation/deprotonation of carboxylates drives the cyclic association/ dissociation of oil-like groups responsible for flagellar rotary motion and for rotation of an asymmetric oil-like rotor to produce ATP by ATP synthase. In the process, protons move from the high concentration to the low concentration side of a cell membrane in which the membrane component of the rotary motor resides. In fact, the proton concentration difference from one side to the other of the mem-... 

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