Fibrosis differential diagnosis

Chronic rejection occurs many months to even years following transplantation. The pathology is characterized by fibrosis and may require differential diagnosis to distinguish between a chronic rejection event and the recurrence of the original disease that necessitated transplantation in the first place. 

Lead-induced nephropathy was first reported more than a century ago. However, the condition remains to be clearly defined. A study from Queensland, Australia, described 34 patients with a chronic nephropathy who had suffered from lead palsy in childhood following exposure to lead paints (Nye, 1933). Interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy and dilation have been observed in workers with heavy long-term exposure to lead. Renal tubular dysfunction characterized by glycosuria and aminoaciduria has been observed in lead-exposed children (Chisholm and Leahy, 1962). Lead exposure should be considered in the differential diagnosis of glycosuria occurring in childhood. 

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