Fibers ligno-cellulosic

Mansour, O.Y., Nagaty, A. and Beshay, A-F. (1982). Grafting of some vinyl monomers onto ligno-cellulose and cellulose in the presence of lignin. In Graft Polymerisation of Lignocellulosic Fibers, Hon, D.N.S. (Ed.). ACS Symposium, 187, pp. 253-268. 

AFEX [Ammonia Fiber Explosion (or Expansion)] A pretreatment process for ligno-cellulose prior to enzymatic conversion to ethanol. The wood is exposed to liquid ammonia at 60 to 100°C for a short time, and the pressure suddenly released. Invented in 1998 by B.E. Dale and M. Moniruzzaman at Texas A M University and further developed by Dale at Michigan State University. In 2006, AFEX was regarded as the leading nonenzymatic biomass pretreatment process. 

Stannett, V. "Some Challenges in Grafting to Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives" in "Graft Copol3mierization of Ligno-cellulosic Fibers" (Hon, D. N.-S., ed.)> ACS Symposium Series, in press. 

Wood Fibers and Other Ligno-cellulosic Fibers... 

In the case of fiber-reinforced composites, even where the filler consists of wood fibers and other ligno-cellulosic or proteic fibers, the main issue is the interfacial adhesion between matrix and fibers, as a sine qua non requirement for the load transfer, as the fibers carry the load, while the matrix distributes and transfers it from fiber to fiber. Hence, the relevance of the interphase that may be formed spontaneously, no matter the fibers are raw or modified by a surface treatment, and which strongly affects the properties of the composite through its thickness, structure and properties [3]. 

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