Fibers, area

Radial Distribution in Kevlar Fiber, area under the curve Hole CO2 species/Mole -(-C7H5NO-)-... 

Figure 12.10 displays the stress-strain behavior of PET fibers that were prepared from the same spun yam, but drawn to different ratios. The curves represent the elongation and stress in terms of initial fiber area (decitex2). The open circles represent true stress values, where stress values at break are corrected for the decreased area of the fiber after extension on the testing device. 

The individual fiber properties which contribute to the tensile properties of paper include the following (8) fiber tensile strength mean fiber length fiber cross-sectional area perimeter of the average fiber cross section density of the fibrous material fraction of the fiber area bonded in the sheet and the shear strength per unit area of fiber-to-fiber bonds. 

There are abnormalities in the amounts and nature of the GAGs in hypertrophic scars, which has been recognized for more than 30 years. Chondroitin 4 sulfate, which is barely detectable in normal skin, can be readily demonstrated in hypertrophic scars (98), where it is especially elevated in the characteristic nodular structures (99). DS, in contrast, is absent from all but the more normal appearing parallel-fibered areas of the scars (100). 

Since the area of the fiber is continually decreasing as the fiber elongates, a correction for the changing fiber area must be applied throughout the measurement. The large surface to volume ratio of the fiber also frequently results in compositional changes at the fiber surface, by either reaction with atmospheric gases or by evaporation of melt components. 

Reversals represent zones of variations in breaking strength. The areas immediately adjacent to either side of a reversal are more likely to break under stress than are other fiber areas [65,273]. Figure 9.43 shows cracking of a fiber damaged by fungus on each side of a reversal, as indicated by wrinkles in the fiber s primary wall. 

Laminate strength related to the fibers area Strain at failure of fibers e b [%] ... 

The effective fiber stress can be determined from the load in the fiber and the fiber area. The percentage of the applied load that is carried by the fiber is dependent on /Ey and Aj This load divided by the fiber... 

In eontrast to the earher smdies using a mixed-meal supplanrait, Esmarck et al. used a mixed supplement to produce a dramatic long-term (12-week) outcome (25% increase in mean muscle fiber area with no gain in muscle mass see Section 15.7.2.5.2). The positive results may have been due to the immediate postexercise timing of ingestion and the formula s higher protein-to-low CHO content ratio (10 g of protein and 7 g of CHO). These data would seem to support the notion that there is a solid application for AA supplementation in elderly athletes. 

Gondret, F., L. Lefaucheur, H. Juin, I. Louveau and B. Lebret, 2006. Low birth weight is associated with enlarged muscle fiber area and impaired meat tenderness of the longissimus muscle in pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 84, 93-103. 

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