Ferroelectric phase transition structural analysis

In addition, many of the ferroelectric solids are mixed ions systems, or alloys, for which local disorder influences the properties. The effect of disorder is most pronounced in the relaxor ferroelectrics, which show glassy ferroelectric behavior with diffuse phase transition [1]. In this chapter we focus on the effect of local disorder on the ferroelectric solids including the relaxor ferroelectrics. As the means of studying the local structure and dynamics we rely mainly on neutron scattering methods coupled with the real-space pair-density function (PDF) analysis. 

This article shows up the possibilities to study ferroelectric media by photo-induced light scattering. In particular the optical characterization of sbn by photo-induced light scattering is reviewed including the determination of optical parameters [7], the investigations of the relaxor-kind phase transition [8] and the analysis of the polar structure [9,10],... 

In this chapter a detailed description of the structure and phase-transition behavior of PVDF and its copolymers with TtFE, TFE, etc., will be given on the basis of experimental results of X-ray diflraction, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, neutron scattering. NMR, thermal analysis, electric measurements, etc. The phase-transition mechanism will be discussed experimentally and theoretically from various points of view. The ferroelectric behavior of other types of polymers, Le., odd nylons, VDCN copolymers, FLCP, etc. will also be discussed based on experimental data of X-ray diftaction and vibrational spectroscopy. 

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