Federal funding of civilian

Little, Arthur D., Inc. "Federal Funding of Civilian Research and Development," Prepared for the Experimental Technology Incentives Program of the National Bureau of Standards, Washington, 1976. 

Policies for federal funding of civilian research and development should be formulated in the larger context of the complex process of industrial innovation."... 

One recent study conducted by Arthur D. Little, Inc., sought to "better understand how Federal funding of civilian research and development has functioned as an agent of technological change in the private sector." (22.) Our interest in the state-of-the-art in policy assessment leads us to focus on three tasks posed in the study to identify alternatives to R D funding which can achieve... 

In the mid-1960s, the U.S. Department of Commerce attempted to introduce a Civilian Industrial Technology Program to provide federal funds to nonprofit organizations to perform R D for lagging industries such as textiles, clothing, shoes, and home construction. This proposal was defeated in Congress, at least in part because the industries that were supposed to benefit were radically opposed to it. 

Two agencies (DOD and DOE) provide nearly all (more than 80 percent) of the federal funding in electrochemistry. In turn, most DOD and DOE support addresses advanced energy conversion devices for military and civilian applications. 

President Roosevelt responded to the call for government support of uranium research quickly but cautiously. He appointed Lyman J. Briggs, director of the National Bureau of Standards, head of the Advisory Committee on Uranium, which met for the first time on October 21, 1939. The committee, including both civilian and military representation, was to coordinate its activities with Sachs and look into the current state of research on uranium to recommend an appropriate role for the federal government. In early 1940 the Uraniimi Committee recommended that the government fund limited research on isotope separation as well as Fermi s and Stilard s work on chain reactions at Columbia. 

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