Face Grinding

Drilling with face grinding can be carried out with tool-path-controlled or force-controlled feed speed. The machine used plays a decisive role in 

---

The cube has a three-fold axis along each body diagonal. Grinding down the vertex of a solid cube along the three-fold axis exposes a new triangular face. Grinding away from all vertices until the triangles meet, an octahedron is produced. A similar, inverse operation performed on an octahedron produces a cube. The two polyhedra are said to be reciprocal. The dodecahedron and the icosahedron are reciprocal in the same sense. 

Grinding, Fig. 1 Fire sparks while face grinding without coolant... 

Spur G, Stoferle Th (1980) Handbuch der Fertigunstechnik Band 3, Spanen Teil 2. Hanser, Miinchen, Wien Spur G, Linke K, Sabotka I, Tio T-H, Uhlmann E (1989) Keramikbearbeitung. Schleifen, Honen, happen, Abtragen. Hanser, Miinchen, Wien Uhlmann E, Ardelt T (1999) Influence of kinematics on the face grinding process on lapping machines. Ann CIRP 48(l) 281-284... 

Principle of ELID face grinding. (From Zhang, C., Kato, T., Li, W., and Ohmori, H., Int Mach Tools Manuf, 40,527, 2000b. With permission.)... 

Uhlmann, E. and Ardelt, T., Influence of kinematics on the face grinding process on lapping machines. Annals of CIRP, 1999, 48(1), 281-284. 

Uhlmann, E.G. Ardelt, Th. Kinematics and wheel wear in face grinding on lapping machines. In Progress of Cutting and Grinding, Chen Dingchang u. a, 1998. 

In the Premier Mill the rotor is shaped hke the frustrum of a cone, similar to that in Fig. 20-53. Surfaces are smooth, and adjustment of the clearance can be made from 25 [Lm (0.001 in) upward. A small impeller helps to feed material into the rotor gap. The mill is jacketed for temperature control. Direct-connected hquid-type mills are available with 15- to 38-cm (6- to 15-in) rotors. These mills operate at 3600 r/min at capacities up to 2 mVh (500 gal/h). They are powered with up to 28 kW (40 hp). Working parts are made of Invar alloy, which does not expand enough to change the grinding gap if heating occurs. The rotor is faced with Stellite or silicon carbide tor wear resistance. For pilot-plant operations, the Premier Mill is available with 7.5- and 10-cm (3- and 4-in) rotors. These mills are belt-driven and operate at 7200 to 17,000 r/min with capacities of 0,02 to 2 mVh (5 to 50 gal/h). 

Abrasive wear can be classified into three types. Gouging abrasion is a high stress phenomenon that is likely to be accomplished by high comprehensive stress and impact. Grinding abrasion is a high stress abrasion that pulverizes fragments of the abrasive that become sandwiched between metal faces. And erosion is a low-stress scratching abrasion. 

---