Extremely improbable

As a matter of fact, chemists regard the collision of even four molecules as an extremely improbable event if they are at low concentration or if they are in the gas phase. We conclude that... 

Chemical action between the highly concentrated solute and the adsorbent may occur. This explanation cannot be rejected h prion even in cases where it appears extremely improbable. Thus... 

Extremely Improbable E Probability of occurrence cannot be distinguished from zero So unlikely, it can be assumed that this hazard will not be experienced... 

The formation of rr triads Is extremely Improbable, thus explaining the very low concentration measured for such triads In the polymers prepared. 

Even in atoms in molecules which have no permanent dipole, instantaneous dipoles will arise as a result of momentary imbalances in electron distribution. Consider the helium atom, for example. It is extremely improbable that the two electrons in the Is orbital of helium will be diametrically opposite each other at all times. Hence there will be instantaneous dipoles capable of inducing dipoles in adjacent atoms or molecules. AnothCT way of looking at this phenomenon is to consider the electrons in two or more "nonpolar" molecules as synchronizing their movements (at least partially) to minimize electron-electron repulsion and maximize electron-nucleus attraction. Such attractions are extremely short ranged and weak, as are dipole-induced dipole forces. The energy of such interactions may be expressed as... 

Note that the actual diameter of the column does not appear in the calculation because the gas rate is expressed as a superficial velocity however, plug flow for the large column would be extremely improbable.)... 

Subsequent thermal reactions generate higher quantities of atomic hydrogen (equations 8.6-8.7), the recombination of which at thermospheric pressure is extremely improbable [9] ... 

Delusional acceptance of the wild events as real despite their extreme improbability (a bike on a mountain peak ) and physical impossibility (gliding weightless on a golf fairway ). 

Because of the low solubility of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in a medium corresponding to the cytoplasm of living cells, it is extremely improbable that ionized iron exists in the cytosol. Thus, iron is present either in metabolically active cell components or bound to intracellular ligands, and specific iron-binding molecules have evolved to maintain iron in soluble form useable by the cell. 

An electronically excited atom must lose its energy either by emission of radiation or by collisional deactivation chemical decomposition is not possible, and radiationless degradation (involving an increase in translational energy) is extremely improbable. At low enough pressures, therefore, fluorescent emission is expected from all atoms. Many molecular species, however, either do not exhibit fluorescence or fluoresce weakly even when bimolecu-lar reaction or physical deactivation does not occur. Some general principles... 

P+ and P are the probabilities for absorption and emission, respectively B+ and B are the coefficients of absorption and of induced emission, respectively A- is the coefficient of spontaneous emission and p v) is the density of radiation at the frequency that induces the transition. Einstein showed that B+ = B, while A frequency dependence, spontaneous emission (fluorescence), which usually dominates in the visible region of the spectrum, is an extremely improbable process in the rf region and may be disregarded. Thus the net probability of absorption of rf energy, which is proportional to the strength of the NMR signal, is... 

Such kind of accident should be considered as extremely improbable and postulated. 

The concept of a revelatory interval clarifies the idea that apparent miracles, that is, extremely improbable occurrences, are actually instances when the operating laws of one cycle achieve a sort of harmonic cancellation with another cycle whose operating laws are more restrictive of... 

The results tabulated in Table V make the possibility that 30 or 40 % of the 6-amino groups are in peptide linkage extremely improbable. Most of the reactions, especially acylation, seem to go to completion quite readily. It is, of course, arguable that these reagents may split the e-amino peptide links however, many of the reactions take place under very mild conditions. Also, in acid conditions at least, e-amino peptide linkages are more stable than e -peptide links (Lockhart and Abraham, 1956). 

The existence of chiral pathways in this molecule is made possible by the existence of the two independent degrees of freedom that govern internal motion, rotation, and inversion. As molecular complexity increases, the number of degrees of freedom also increases and, unless an achiral pathway is energetically much preferred, it becomes more and more likely that enantiomerization proceeds by a chiral pathway. For example, it is extremely improbable that reversal of helicity in a polymeric chain involves an achiral intermediate or transition state. There is a strong resemblance here to the stochastic achirality of ensembles of achiral molecules discussed previously. 

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