Extraction cone

Distribution ratio of Am(III) versus aqueous nitric acid cone, for carbamoylmethylphosphoryl type extractants, extractant cone. = 0.5 M. 

APCI is similar to ESI. It takes place at atmospheric pressure, involves nebulization and desolvation, and uses the same sample and extraction cones as ESI. The major difference lies in the mode of ionization. In APCI no voltage is applied to the inlet capfllary. Instead, a separate corona discharge needle, located perpendicular to the capfllary, is used to emit a cloud of electrons that ionize compounds after they are converted to the gas phase ... 

On-chip reactions were studied by directly coupling the microreactor to a Micromass (Manchester, UK) LCT ESI-TOF MS instrument and monitoring the decrease of the NBDPZ signal intensity at mjz 251 with time upon reaction of 10 with each isocyanate. Spectra were acquired in the positive ion mode at a capillary voltage ranging from 1.8 kV to 2 kV, at a sample cone of 35 V, and an extraction cone voltage of 2 V. The source temperature was kept constant at 100 °C and the cone gas flow between 80 and 90Lh 1. 

Aioe Phytogei 1 199 Powd.] Aioe-Phytogei 199 Powd.. See Aloe barbadensis gel Aloe vera. See Aloe Aloe barbadensis Aioe Vera Aqueous Extract Cone.. See Aloe barbadensis extract... 

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Figure 8.4 Ion source designs and parameters affecting id/D scrambiing. (a) For Instruments with a heated capillary Ion source design, the capillary temperature, potential difference between transfer capillary and the first skimmer, and the DC voltage of the first multipole Ion guide can contribute to H/D scrambling, (b) For Instruments with a Z-type Ion source, the sample and extraction cone voltage and the velocity of the source F-wave Ion guide (Synapt) can contribute to H/D scrambling...

A drawing of the interface is shown in Figure 4.2. The outside cone, often called the sampler or extraction cone, is positioned in the plasma such that the orifice located at its apex is immersed in the NAZ. The diameter of the orifice is approximately 1 mm. Ions produced in the plasma pass through this orifice and form an ion beam. An additional cone called a skimmer is positioned immediately behind the sampling cone a few millimeters. The skimmer cone has a much smaller orifice at its apex (<0.5 mm in diameter).This orifice samples the supersonic gas jet expanding through the sampler cone orifice, directing ions into the mass spectrometer. 

One solution, designed by Waters (Milford, MA, USA), is based on the well-known Z-spray technique in which the probe is perpendicular to the sampling cone this design also places the second extraction cone perpendicular to the ion beam... 

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