Excretion interactions during

Drug Interactions During Excretion Changes In Urinary pH... 

Pharmacokinetic interactions may occur during one or more of the pharmacokinetic processes whereby the drug reaches its site of action and is then eliminated (i.e. absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion). Such interactions may result in a change in the drug concentration at the site of action with subsequent toxicity or decreased efficacy. 

The drug may interact with the another drug at any point during their absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. 

Sotalol is well absorbed orally with bioavailability of approximately 100%. It is not metabolized in the liver and is not bound to plasma proteins. Excretion is predominantly by the kidneys in the unchanged form with a half-life of approximately 12 hours. Because of its relatively simple pharmacokinetics, solatol exhibits few direct drug interactions. Its most significant cardiac adverse effect is an extension of its pharmacologic action a dose-related incidence of torsade de pointes that approaches 6% at the highest recommended daily dose. Patients with overt heart failure may experience further depression of left ventricular function during treatment with sotalol. 

Ellis, B.G. Price, R.G. (1975) Urinary enzyme excretion during renal papillary necrosis induced in rats with ethyleneimine. Chem.-biol. Interact., 11, 473-482... 

Sedimentary rock A rock that formed from the natural cementing of sediments during burial, compaction, and interactions with groundwater (clastic sedimentary rocks) or that resulted from the burial and diagenesis of materials excreted from organisms or salts that precipitated from surface water. 

Interactions may occur at one or more of the various states in the pharmacokinetic pathways of drugs in the body (i.e., during absorption, distribution, biotransformation [metabolism], sites of action, and excretion). Each of these states is considered separately. 

The loop diuretics increase the renal excretion of lithium after single-dose intravenous administration in both animals (711) and man (712). Furosemide has been used to treat lithium intoxication (713). The effect of etacrynic acid is larger than those of furosemide and bumetanide (712). However, long-term treatment with furosemide and bumetanide can cause lithium intoxication in some patients (714,715), perhaps by causing sodium depletion and a secondary increase in lithium reabsorption. An adverse interaction of lithium during long-term therapy with etacrynic acid is therefore theoretically likely. 

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