Exchange, in water

Gershinsky G and Poliak E 1995 Variational transition state theory application to a symmetric exchange in water J. Chem. Phys. 103 8501... 

Molecular sieve Zeolites used for ion exchange in water treatment. 

The low efficiency of exchange in water can be explained by postulating that the ion-molecule pair (8.13 in Scheme 8-10) is almost completely trapped by water molecules, i.e., the first intermediate reacts so easily with this more strongly nucleophilic species that the reaction of the second intermediate (8.14) with N2 is not detectable. Therefore, the reaction coordinate diagrams for the dediazoniation in TFE and in water may be visualized as shown in Figure 8-4. 

Cohen et have also made some observations on the exchange in water-sucrose and water-ethylene glycol mixed solvents containing perchloric acid (0.106 M). Over a range of dielectric constant 68 to 88, no alteration in the exchange rate was observed. 

Kinetic Parameters for Fe /Fe Self-Exchange in Water at 298K. 

It is interesting to calculate the tunnelling factor, using this analytical expression, for typical outer-sphere exchanges. We select the self-exchanges in water Fe(II)(H O) /... 

Cell-free protein synthesis through solubilisate exchange in water/oil emulsion compartments. Chem. Bio. Chem, 5, 1055-1062. 

Effect of ester structure on the efficiency of ion exchanger in water [476] (Catalyst Amberlite IR-100 temperature 25°C.)... 

In the mid- to late 1990s, Alberto prepared water-soluble, air-stable Tc(C0)3(H20)3+ species, both on the tracer, 9 Tc, and on the macroscopic, Tc, levels. These species undergo ligand exchange in water to form stable octahedral complexes that possess the Tc(CO)3+ core. Tc(OH2)(CO)3+ is available in a kit formulation from Mallinckrodt, St. Louis, MO, where potassium boranocarbonate K(H3BC03H) is employed as the in situ... 

Preparation of -Glycerophosphoric Acid. The 0-glycerophosphoric acid used in the precipitation experiments was freshly prepared before each use. The acid, which decomposes slowly at room temperature, was made from its disodium salt (Reliable Chemical Co.) by ionic exchange in water using Dowex 50W-X8 cation exchange resin. After exchange, the water was removed in vacuo to give the acid as a viscous liquid. 

Sanks, L. R. (1972). Ion exchange, in Water Quality Engineering, New Concepts and Developments, E. L. Thackston and W. W. Eckenfelder (Eds.). The Jenkins Book Publishing Company, New York, 147-172. 

The time scale of the build-up and decay of the NOE is often such that it can be used to study processes that proceed appreciably more slowly than those aceessible to band-shape studies. This has been used in studies of restricted rotation in amides (205,214) the cis-trans equilibrium of 4-bromo-2-formyl-l-methylpyrrole (215) exchange in water solution of the system l-(T-pyrazolyl)ethanol-acetaldehyde (216) and the cis-trans equilibrium in 4-bromo-2-formylfuran. (217)... 

J. G. Grantham, Ion Exchange Resin Testing , in Ion Exchange in Water Treatment , Duolite International Ltd, 1982, Section 14, p. 60. 

Nagashima K, Lee CT, Xu B, Johnston KP, DeSimone JM, Johnson CS. NMR studies of water transport and proton exchange in water-in-carbon dioxide microemulsions. 2002. 

Ion exchange in water technology is based on the capability of certain substances — ion exchangers — to exchange ions from their own molecules for the ions from solution. Different required effects for removal of undesirable components from water are achieved by particular cation or anion exchangers, or by their combination. 

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