Evaluation of electrode kinetics by the direct method

As explained in Sect. 3.5, an investigation of the kinetics of the electrode reaction 

At a planar electrode, however, in the absence of complications arising 

the kinetics can be elucidated by a study that involves only the electrical variables (potential and current) together with the semi-integral of the current. 

In a potentiostatic experiment, E is held constant so that, according to eqn. (170), the rate of the electrode reaction depends only on the surface concentrations of the species O and R. One of the simplest circumstances that can be imagined would have the reaction occurring bidirectionally with the forward rate proportional to the concentration of O and the backward rate proportional to the concentration of R, so that 

A similar approach is that adopted by Bond et al. [92]. These authors used cyclic voltammetry (Sect. 3.4) as a means of obtaining two values each of the current (7 and 7) and its semi-integral (in and in) at each potential E. They demonstrated that these four values could be combined into a quantity 

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