Euler-Lagrange models

The term macroscale will be used to denote multiphase models that employ a hydro-dynamic description of the disperse phase. Such models are also called multi-fluid models (because the disperse phase is treated as an effective fluid), or Euler-Euler models. The name of the latter comes from the numerical treatment of the disperse phase (i.e. discretization on a fixed grid), as opposed to Euler-Lagrange models wherein the disperse phase is tracked in a Lagrangian framework as discrete entities. We should note that, in the... 

Mesoscale Model Kinetic equation Euler-Lagrange models... 

Johan T. Padding, Niels G. Deen, EAJ.F. (Frank) PeteK, andJ.AM. (Hans) Kuipers, Euler-Lagrange Modeling of the Hydrodynamics of Dense Multiphase Flows Qinfu Hou, Jieqing Gan, Zongyan Zhou, and Aibing Y u. Particle Scale Study of Heat Transfer in Packed and Fluidized Beds... 

Nanoparticle transport and targeting in the cardiovascular system can be modeled by either the Euler-Euler or the Euler-Lagrange modeling approach. For both methods, the conservation of mass and momentum are solved for the blood transport through the vascular system ... 

Euler—Lagrange model considered the fluid as continuous medium, and treated bubble and particle with a discrete process, which is suitable for study of small scale, known as particles simulation. Lagrange—Lagrange is suitable for microscale simulation. 

Euler-Lagrange Modeling of the Hydrodynamics of Dense Multiphase Flows... 

Euler—Lagrange models for bubbly flows are also known as DBMs and can be used to investigate various features ofbubble column reactors. In this section, we will give two examples of studies that were made with the aid of a DBM. In the first example, we will highhght how the geometry affects the flow features inside the bubble column, which can be characterized by axial dispersion coefficients. In the second example, we will highlight the interplay between flow, mass transfer, and chemical reaction inside a bubble column. 

Although much progress has been made in the freld of Euler-Lagrange modeling, most models are still limited to near-spherical and nearly undefbrmable particles. We identify a number of problems which should be solved before further progress is possible. These are ... 

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