Estrogens origins

Dr. Pincus Dr. Garcia, Dr. Rock, and I studied three estrogens originally the 3-methyl ether of ethinylestradiol, another synthetic estrogen called Valles-tril (allenolic acid is the trivial name), and the third, I think it was estradiol, which is a natural estrogen, and we found that the 3-methyl ether of ethinylestradiol seemed to give the best control of menstrual bleeding. 

The estrogens are a family of hormones synthesized in a variety of tissues. 17P-Estradiol is the primary estrogen of ovarian origin. In some species, estrone, synthesized in numerous tissues, is more abundant. In pregnancy, relatively more estriol is produced, and this comes from the placenta. The general pathway and the subcellular localization of the enzymes involved in the early steps of estradiol synthesis are the same as those involved in androgen biosynthesis. Features unique to the ovary are illustrated in Figure 42-7. 

Figure 5.2 Comparison of immunohistochemical staining results among variable periods, 6 h to 30 days, of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human breast cancer tissue (A-N), and cell line MCF-7 sections (O-Bl). All four markers, estrogen receptor (ER) (A-G), CK (cytokeratin cocktail, H-N), Her2/neu (O-U), and MIB-1 (V-Bl), showed comparable positive immunostaining results at +++ level after antigen retrieval. Original magnification x 200. Bar = 50 tm. Reproduced with permission from Shi et al., I Histochem. Cytochem. 2007 55 105-109. See color insert.

Estrogens Breast or endometrial cancer or vaginal bleeding of unknown origin Pregnancy Hepatic dysfunction or liver cancer Preexisting cardiovascular disease... 

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