Estimation prior

This measure depends on the relative group sizes (estimated prior probabilities), and thus it is in general not suited to characterize the prediction performance of a classifier. 

It is the objective of the FFB or the MAT test to determine cracking and coking activities of the catalyst (kj, A ). Therefore, all other parameters should be known from independent experiments or estimated prior to determining these intrinsic catalyst parameters. These other parameter estimates are described below. 

Analytical uses caimot be estimated prior to use of a pure sample. Estimation of the rotation (in ORD) and the signal... 

In turn, the rates L and V will adjust to the pressure difference maintained across the membrane, which is also related to the membrane permeability. If a higher permeate rate is desired, then the pressure Py must be lowered and/or the feed rate F increased. (Alternately, albeit it is not a process control variable, the membrane surface or size can be increased.) It should be emphasized, moreover, that the calculations are process design estimations, prior to fabrication and operation. 

Schumitzky, A. Non-parametric EM algorithms for estimating prior distributions. App. Math. Comput. 1991, 45, 143-157. 

NOx estimates prior to 1990 include emissions from fires. Fires would represent a small percentage of the NO emissions. 

In addition, the overall content of TEs in extractable (mobile) forms can be estimated prior to SEP by a single-extraction procedure using electrolyte solutions, such as 1.0 mol HNO3 or 1.0 mol L HCl (Ladonin, 2002). If the contents of TEs obtained by the screening protocol are rather low, it might then be unreasonable to use a sequential extraction method. 

The cyclic voltammetry plots obtained for the anode as a working electrode (Fig. 4) indicate that the anode layers for the three MEAs made with screen printing technique have similar loadings, which correlates using the weights of Pt/Ru decals estimated prior to the hot-pressing procedure. 

Development costs often constitute a considerable proportion of the total cost of a project. If the process is completely new, these costs are often around 50% of the investment costs for the industrial plant, and perhaps more if a pilot plant must be built. Therefore, the development costs should be estimated prior to process development according to the following scheme ... 

In the case that the noises have similar frequency contents and amplitudes to AE signals, or sources of the noises are unknown, characteristics of the noises shall be estimated prior to the measurement. Then, separation of AE signals from the noises shall be made. In this respect, the use of filters is useful after determining the proper frequency range. 

DNA Validation and Quantification It is important to know how successful the DNA extraction process was. The quality, quantity, and length(s) of DNA should be estimated prior to downstream processing. Here, we describe validation and quality measurement using a Nanodrop machine. 

It is obvious that a drawback of this method is that the reaction should be almost fully understood in order to produce a reliable transfer function. Another drawback is the fact that for more complex reactions the number of variables is very high. For a reliable fit the less important processes have to be ignored or variables have to be fixed in other words, the important parameters of the system have to be estimated prior to the fitting procedure. In many cases the interpretation of measurements on coatings will be extremely complex due to the unknown geometries and local variation in electrolyte concentrations. 

The expression for the gas phase equilibrium constant is deduced from Gibbs equation with the aid of the ideal gas equation of state. For solution equilibria, Raoult s and Hemy s laws are used to deduce the equilibrium constant expression. As a result concentrations of reactants and products, or their mole fractions appear in the equilibriimi constant expression, rather than the partial pressures. However, the solute-solvent interactions are so pronounced that solution equilibriimi constants depend on concentrations, which should not be the case if they are true constants. Moreover, the equilibrium constant cannot be estimated fi om heat capacity and enthalpy data as is done in the gas phase. Considering that application of theory has been seriously compromised and equilibrium constants cannot be estimated prior to measurement, we may wonder about the utility of theory. Again we have to look at the experimental landscape to see why solution thermodynamics continues to thrive. 

Area cost Carea- The area cost estimates the total functional area of the final implementation. It considers the area costs due to allocated resources, interconnect structure, registers, and control structure. The major difference between the area and interconnect costs is that C.nt considers in addition delay characteristics, whereas Carea considers only area. Cxnt can be used to obtain more accurate delay estimates prior to scheduling. 

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