Environmental friendly methods solid catalysts

The microwave technique has been also found to be the best method for preparing strongly basic zeolites (ZSM-5, L, Beta, etc.) by direct dispersion of MgO and KF. This novel procedure enabled the preparation of shape-selective, solid, strongly base catalysts by a simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly process [11, 12]. New solid bases formed were efficient catalysts for dehydrogenation of 2-propanol and isomerization of cis-2-butene. 

Disubstituted 2-oxazolines have been synthesized by a microwave promoted solvent-free direct condensation of carboxylic acids and disubstituted P-amino alcohols in good to excellent yields (Garcia-Tellado et al., 2003). Zinc oxide is a very good solid support, particularly in cases, where a Lewis acid is required. This method is a good, safe, clean, economical, and environmentally friendly alternative to the classical procedures. The zinc oxide seems to play a double role as it creates a polar environment for the microwave catalysis (polar solid support) and activates the carbonyl group for the condensation (Lewis acid catalyst). 

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