Genotype-environment interaction

Hubick, K.T., Shorter, R. Farquhar, G.D. (1988). Heritability and genotype x environment interactions of carbon isotope discrimination and transpiration efficiency in peanut. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 15 (in press). 

This value represents what is called the broad heritability. The model makes the usual assumptions no placement effects, no genotype x environment interaction and no genotype x environment correlations, adequate representation of genotypes and adequate representation of environments. The MZA correlation alone directly estimates the broad heritability. The correlation is not squared. 

It is reasonable to suggest that a spectrum of genotypes represents various susceptibilities to oxidants, singly or in combination. Although environmental factors are important in conditioning pollutant susceptibility, the control of environment over injury to sensitive genotypes may be less pronounced, if specific biochemical or physiologic mechanisms that have weak interactions with the environment are involved. 

Phenotype The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes and between the genotype and the environment. This includes the killer phenotype, characteristic of yeasts. [NIH]... 

George, Frank R., and Richard A. Meisch. 1984. "Oral Narcotic Intake as a Rein forcer Genotype X Environment Interaction." Behavior Genetics 14 603. 

Nauta, W.J., Baars, T. and Bovenhuis, H. 2005. Genotype environment interactions for milk production traits between conventional and organic dairy farming in the Netherlands. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 22 217-249. 

Most commercial chicken meat production has become industrialized and in many cases involves enclosed housing without access to outdoors. In such conditions the environment is strictly controlled and genotype-environment interactions can be disregarded. These interactions become more important when the birds are raised organically. 

Deeb, N., Shlosberg, A. andCahaner, A. (2002) Genotype-by-environment interaction with broiler genotypes differing in growth rate. 4. Association between responses to heat stress and to cold-induced ascites. Poultry Science 81,1454—1462. 

PHENOTYPE The detectable expression of the interaction of genotype and environment the characteristics of am organism. (See also GENOTYPE)... 

The important factor in the discussion of selection in targeted environments is the interactions between genotype and environment (Fig 1). 

Figure 1. Regression of variety yield on environmental yield potential, e.g., given as a gradient of water supply. Genotype-environment interaction absent (1a) and present (1b), see also text.

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