Enrofloxacin clearance

Enrofloxacin is mainly eliminated by hepatic metabolism, and systemic clearance of the drug varies between species. In sheep, horses, dogs and pigs the average clearance of enrofloxacin is in the range 5.75-8.56 mL/min kg, while enrofloxacin clearance (mL/min kg) differs more widely between other species rabbits (17.9), llamas (12.0), chickens (3.3), turkeys (8.9), houbara bustard (5.7) and fingerling rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at 15°C (1.25). Systemic clearance of enrofloxacin represents mainly hepatic clearance composed of a variety of metabolic pathways, which include N-deethylation to ciprofloxacin. 

The effect of experimentally induced bacterial infections, all of which have in common the presence of fever, on the disposition of various antimicrobial agents in pigs is presented in Table 3.1. In the infected pigs, the apparent volume of distribution of penicillin G, ampicillin and, to a lesser extent, trimethoprim is increased, of enrofloxacin and sulphonamides remains unchanged, and of oxytetracycline is decreased. The systemic clearance of penicillin G, ampicillin and trimethoprim is increased, of sulphamethoxazole and sulphadimethoxine remains unchanged, and of sulphadimidine,... 

Because disposition refers to the simultaneous effects of distribution and elimination, it is necessary to consider both components of the process when interpreting changes that occur during the neonatal period. Comparison of the disposition kinetics of enrofloxacin (2.5 mg/kg administered intravenously) in 1-day-old and 1-week-old calves shows that the volume of distribution (Vd(ss)) is smaller and the systemic clearance (C/I5) of the drug is lower in the 1-day-old calves, while the half-life does not differ significantly between the age groups... 

---