England incentives

Reiman, A. S., Economic Incentives in Clinical Investigation, New England Journal of Medicine 320 933-934,1989. 

It is not yet clear whether gasification in other emerging markets - such as China and India - will follow the examples set in the United States and England (where electrification and liberalization favored gas for electricity) or Poland and Brazil where governments failed to institute the incentives for a push to gas. We end, thus, with a note of caution, especially when projections such as the lEA s World Energy Outlook (lEA, 2006) envision that more than half of the incremental demand for gas will come from electric power. 

The historical accounts recounted here show that before 1930, courts in England and the United States articulated rules that made it difficult for consumers to recover damages for injuries incurred as a result of lead-contaminated water.Such rules created incentives for consumers to... 

The third and final force was the law. Throughout the nineteenth century, courts in England and the United States refused to hold urban water providers, whether publicly or privately owned, liable for any harm that might have resulted from the use of lead water pipes. Because the courts held homeowners liable for damages, there were limited incentives for public water providers to adopt measures protecting consumers from lead exposure related to service pipes, and household plumbing more generally (see chapter 7). 

---