Energy savings INDEX

Research released by Data Resources Incorporated related to a Consumer Energy Index indicates that a monthly heating bill of 100 in 1970 will average 736 by 1990 if no energy-saving action is taken. 

The routine of recording references, writing abstracts, and making search indexes may be cumbersome or efficient. Looking up references may be haphazard or arranged to save energy. 

On the basis of a definite analogy between e tx and F-centers we may expect the appearance under certain conditions of (e tr)2- particles of the type of F -centers. From the polaron model (57) it follows that the bipolaron (two electrons localized in a common polarization well) can not exist. In accordance with the work of Vinetskii and Giterman (63), in some cases the formation of the bipolarons becomes energetically possible in the result of interaction of the polarization wells of two separate polarons. However, the saving in energy for such bipolaron states is not large and hence they will not be stable in liquids under room temperature. Actually, up to the present time a series of attempts have been made to detect (e aq)2 in the irradiated liquid water but these attempts were not successful. The polaron theory (57) predicts that F -centers (two electrons in the anionic vacancy) may be stable. For this it is necessary that the ratio e/n2 (e and n2 are the static and optical dielectric constants, n—refraction index) should be more than 1.5. Evidently, in the glassy systems under consideration this requirement is fulfilled. 

Calculate the dipole-dipole interaction energy Hab) in the point-dipole approximation for a medium with index of refraction = 1.2. Specify the sign and units of your answer. Save your result for use in Chap. 10. 

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